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. 2020 Oct 20;12(10):3197. doi: 10.3390/nu12103197

Figure 2.

Figure 2

HFD enhanced energy expenditure and lipid metabolism. (A) The relative rates of carbohydrate versus fat oxidation (R.Q.) in the light and dark. (B) Metabolic heat in the light and dark. (C) Consumption of O2 in the light and dark. (D) Production of CO2 in the light and dark. (E) Relative expression of thermogenesis genes uncoupling protein 1(Ucp-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (Ppar-α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (Ppar-γ) in the BAT. (F) Relative expression of lipid metabolism genes patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (Atgl), hormone-sensitive lipase (Hsl), acylglycerol lipase (Mgl), and fatty acid synthase (Fasn) in the liver. Mean values ± S.D. are plotted. Asterisks indicate significant differences (unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, n = 7–8 mice per group).