Figure 7.

TGF-β-induced Smad1/5/9 and Smad2/3 phosphorylation is similar in ENG^KD and ENG^ctrl fibroblasts. ENG^ctrl and ENG^KD fibroblasts were incubated with 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 1 h, after which pSmad1/5/9 (A) and pSmad2/3 (B) were measured using western blot analysis. GAPDH was used as a loading control. The lower graphs show the quantification of the western blot data. pSmad protein levels were plotted relative to unstimulated ENG^ctrl fibroblasts, and summary data are presented as the mean ± SD from three experiments. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 versus unstimulated fibroblasts from the same cell line. (Student’s t-test).