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. 2020 Oct 17;12(10):983. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100983

Table 7.

Overview over research on Pullulan (PUL) nanofibers (PUL-NFs) used as potential material dressings.

Biopolymer/
Copolymer		 Bioactive Agent Type of Electrospinning Main Results References
PUL
/PVA 		Rutin Blend elctrospinning
  • -

    SEM results indicated that adding rutin in a concentration higher than 8.54% (w/w) will form beaded eNFs and mechanical analysis showed that the tensile stress is directly proportional with the PVA ratio;

  • -

    UV-resistant properties assay demonstrated that rutin incorporation was able to diminish the UVA and UVB transmittance to values lower than 5%, while the UPF value was above 40 and above 50 at a rutin concentration of 4.46% and 5.67%, respectively;

  • -

    Feasible application as anti-ultraviolet dressing scaffolds.

 [169]
PUL
/Sodium alginate (SA) 		- Free-surface electrospinning
  • -

    Adding SA 0.8–1.6% (w/w) to a 10% (w/w) aqueous pullulan solution will lead to an expansion in polymer chain entanglement and to an enhanced hydrogen bonding connection between PUL and SA;

  • -

    The addition of CaCl2 in trace amount (maxim 0.045%, w/w) was translated into ultrafine and smooth eNFs formation, characterized by a higher thermal stability than those formulated without adding CaCl2;

  • -

    The water-based biopolymer systems formulation is useful for the development of nano-scale fibers used in various pharmaceutical applications.

 [118]
PUL
/Sodium alginate (SA) 		Human platelet lysate (PL) Blend electrospinning
  • -

    The PL entrapment in PUL/SA eNFs did not alter the eNFs morphology before crosslinking, while CaCl2 crosslinking determined less sharp eNFs;

  • -

    The cytotoxicity assay revealed a random cell tendency in accordance with a fibroblast-to-myofibroblast conversion;

  • -

    The formulated eNFs act as mats for tissue engineering with proper mechanical features and PL release, therefore, are suitable candidates for skin reparation dressings that could enhance wound healing.

 [83]
PUL/
Chitosan (CS) 		Tannic acid (TA) Forcespinning (FS)
  • -

    FS use centrifugal forces which permit a yield increase, ease of production, and a wider selection of materials to be spun as NFs;

  • -

    The ternary NFs showed positive water absorption capacity with rapid uptake rate and with synergic antimicrobial effect towards Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli); Also it has been revealed that by providing a 3D architecture which imitates skin’s ECM will allow fibroblast cell adherence and growth, so favoring prospective for intricate and deep wound healing.

 [105]