Table 4.
Multivariable linear analysis of selected POPs and pregnancy outcomes; adjusted for maternal age, parity, BMI, residential area, education and occupation.
| Gestational Age b (n = 108) |
Birth Weight c (n = 109) |
Birth Length c (n = 108) |
Head Circumference c (n = 108) |
Ponderal Index c (n = 108) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Std. β d (95% CI) |
p Value |
Std. βd (95% CI) |
p Value |
Std. βd (95% CI) |
p Value |
Std. βd (95% CI) |
p Value |
Std. β d (95% CI) |
p Value |
|
| PCB 99 a | −0.16 (−2.51 to −0.07) | 0.039 | −0.01 (−0.68 to 0.62) | 0.930 | −0.14 (−9.13 to 1.68) | 0.174 | −0.03 (−5.61 to 3.97) | 0.735 | 0.09 (−8.41 to 20.69) | 0.404 |
| PCB 101 a | 0.06 (−10.27 to 22.64) | 0.457 | 0.08 (−4.69 to 12.02) | 0.386 | 0.01 (−66.65 to 75.11) | 0.906 | 0.02 (−54.08 to 70.37) | 0.796 | −0.01 (−201.05 to 178.20) | 0.905 |
| PCB 118 a | −0.02 (−1.15 to 0.94) | 0.842 | −0.08 (−0.71 to 0.33) | 0.468 | −0.22 (−8.79 to −0.19) | 0.041 | 0.06 (−2.73 to 4.98) | 0.564 | 0.21 (−0.35 to 22.73) | 0.057 |
| PCB 138 a | −0.24 (−1.28 to −0.32) | 0.003 | −0.04 (−0.38 to 0.25) | 0.680 | −0.16 (−4.70 to 0.66) | 0.139 | 0.002 (−2.36 to 2.40) | 0.986 | 0.10 (−3.98 to 10.46) | 0.375 |
| PCB 153 a | −0.18 (−1.06 to −0.05) | 0.032 | 0.02 (−0.24 to 0.29) | 0.856 | −0.20 (−4.31 to 0.07) | 0.058 | −0.092 (−2.90 to 1.02) | 0.343 | 0.20 (−0.42 to 11.30) | 0.068 |
| PCB 180 a | −0.15 (−3.16 to 0.02) | 0.052 | −0.07 (−1.15 to 0.51) | 0.446 | −0.20 (−14.07 to −0.35) | 0.040 | −0.02 (−7.01 to 5.31) | 0.785 | 0.12 (−7.50 to 29.77) | 0.239 |
| HCB a | 0.06 (−0.47 to 0.90) | 0.527 | 0.001 (−0.35 to 0.35) | 0.990 | −0.02 (−3.15 to 2.74) | 0.889 | −0.07 (−3.53 to 1.63) | 0.466 | 0.01 (−7.42 to 8.33) | 0.908 |
| Heptachlor a | −0.09 (−5.42 to 1.49) | 0.262 | −0.01 (−1.86 to 1.69) | 0.928 | −0.02 (−16.55 to 13.41) | 0.836 | 0.02 (−11.70 to 14.64) | 0.825 | 0.02 (−36.58 to 43.59) | 0.863 |
| o,p-DDE a | −0.21 (−33.19 to −4.43) | 0.011 | 0.08 (−4.27 to 10.35) | 0.411 | −0.32 (−156.86 to −39.49) | 0.001 | 0.04 (−42.28 to 66.47) | 0.660 | 0.35 (121.95−433.79) | 0.001 |
| p,p’-DDEa | 0.02 (−0.30 to 0.40) | 0.776 | −0.06 (−0.23 to 0.12) | 0.548 | 0.06 (−1.05 to 1.94) | 0.558 | 0.03 (−1.10 to 1.52) | 0.750 | −0.08 (−5.43 to 2.55) | 0.475 |
| o,p-DDD a | −0.15 (−6.73 to 0.28) | 0.071 | 0.21 (0.08−3.64) | 0.041 | −0.08 (−21.37 to 9.28) | 0.436 | −0.004 (−13.75 to 13.24) | 0.970 | 0.15 (−11.02 to 70.35) | 0.151 |
| p,p’-DDD a | −0.10 (−23.42 to 4.96) | 0.200 | 0.04 (−5.58 to 8.46) | 0.684 | −0.25 (−132.95 to 18.26) | 0.010 | 0.06 (−33.59 to 70.40) | 0.484 | 0.28 (64.81−369.92) | 0.006 |
| p,p’-DDT a | −0.11 (−1.71 to 0.25) | 0.144 | −0.02 (−0.56 to 0.46) | 0.849 | −0.07 (−5.87 to 2.68) | 0.462 | −0.10 (−5.87 to 1.62) | 0.262 | 0.04 (−9.46 to 13.47) | 0.729 |
| Mirex a | −0.05 (5.00 to 2.65) | 0.544 | 0.06 (−1.34 to 2.54) | 0.542 | 0.03 (−13.99 to 18.91) | 0.767 | −0.09 (−21.36 to 7.40) | 0.338 | 0.003 (−43.48 to 44.57) | 0.980 |
| Aldrin a | 0.10 (−32.18 to 151.99) | 0.200 | −0.04 (−54.93 to 36.21) | 0.684 | 0.25 (118.52–862.91) | 0.010 | −0.06 (−456.9 to 218.03) | 0.484 | −0.28 (−2400.97 to −420.65) | 0.006 |
a POPs were log10 transformed before analysis. b Gestational age model adjusted for maternal age, parity, BMI, residence area, education, occupation, and ponderal index. c Birth weight, length, head circumference, and ponderal index models adjusted for gestational age, maternal age, parity, BMI, residence area, education, and occupation. d β coefficients of the multiple regression models after standardizing all the variables. Significant findings highlighted in bold.