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Effect of GTE supplementation on bone formation-related signaling genes. The relative mRNA expression of BMP2 (A), Smad 1/5/8 (B), Runx2 (C), Osterix (D), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (E), Collagen 1 (Col-1) (F), osteopontin (OPN) (G), and osteocalcin (OCN) (H) in tibia bones of all groups. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, significantly different from Con.
