Table 4.
Differences in glucose metabolism variables between baseline and follow-up investigations (n = 31).
| Characteristic | Baseline | Follow-Up | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose 0’ (mg/dL) | 85 (80–89) | 94 (89–103) | <0.00001 |
| Glucose 30’ (mg/dL) | 131 (123–152) | 144 (125–169) | 0.02 |
| Glucose 60’ (mg/dL) | 108 (91.6–137) | 139 (97–166) | 0.003 |
| Glucose 120’ (mg/dL) | 89 (70.5–102) | 100 (88–131) | 0.0006 |
| Mean Glucose (mg/dL) | 103.25 (91.58–122) | 121.00 (99.75–147.25) | 0.0005 |
| Matsuda Index | 3.64 (1.81–4.97) | 3.95 (1.83–5.98) | NS |
| HOMA-IR score | 2.65 (1.65–4.57) | 2.12 (1.37–4.29) | NS |
| HOMA-%β | 222.56 (169.70–346.50) | 109.31 (82.33–167.74) | <0.00001 |
| Insulinogenic Index | 1.81 (1.10–2.65) | 1.15 (0.78–2.2) | 0.02 |
| Insulin 0’ (µIU/mL) | 12.51 (8.66–20.80) | 8.64 (6.18–16.75) | 0.003 |
| Insulin 30’ (µIU/mL) | 100 (68.16–126.37) | 70.09 (50.37–111.3) | 0.006 |
| Insulin 60’ (µIU/mL) | 94 (55.14–159.2) | 88.33 (42.41–118.4) | NS |
| Insulin 120’ (µIU/mL) | 48.8 (22.76–103.60) | 33.57 (25.82–94.52) | NS |
| Mean Insulin (µIU/mL) | 64.7 (38.75–102.15) | 49.75 (35.62–90.72) | NS |
| Matsuda-IR n (%) | 11 (35.4%) | 10 (32.2%) | NS |
| HOMA-IR n (%) | 17 (54.8%) | 13 (41.9%) | NS |
Data are expressed as median (25–75% quartiles) or numbers (%). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the sign test were used to compare estimated variables at baseline and after follow-up. HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-%β, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell dysfunction; NS, non-significant.