Table 4.
Synergistic activity of the essential oils combined with antibiotics, both at active concentrations in a 1:1 ratio against two MRSA, E. coli and P. aeruginosa (n = 3). In bold, the most promising results.
| Combination between Essential Oils and Antibiotics | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. aureus LMG 15975 | S. aureus LMG 16217 | E. coli LMG 15862 | P. aeruginosa LMG 6395 | |||||||||||||
| EO | AMX | PEN V | AMX | PEN V | AMX | PEN V | DOX | TET | ||||||||
| FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | FICI | Int. | |
| AW | 0.75 | A | 0.63 | A | 0.75 | A | 0.75 | A | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I | 1.13 | I | 1.13 | I |
| BE | 0.56 | A | 1.06 | I | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I | 2.00 | I | 2.00 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
| CA | 0.56 | A | 0.53 | A | 0.75 | A | 0.38 | S | 2.00 | I | 2.00 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
| CC | 0.50 | S | 0.75 | A | 0.63 | A | 0.63 | A | 1.25 | I | 1.25 | I | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I |
| CF | 0.38 | S | 1.00 | A | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I | 2.00 | I | 2.00 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
| GF | 0.63 | A | 0.56 | A | 1.00 | A | 0.50 | S | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I | 1.13 | I | 1.13 | I |
| LG | 0.63 | A | 0.56 | A | 0.38 | S | 0.75 | A | 2.00 | I | 2.00 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
| LS | 0.56 | A | 0.53 | A | 0.75 | A | 0.75 | A | 2.00 | I | 2.00 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
| OC | 0.38 | S | 0.63 | A | 0.63 | A | 1.25 | I | 1.25 | I | 1.25 | I | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I |
| PM | 0.56 | A | 1.06 | I | 0.75 | A | 0.75 | A | 1.50 | I | 1.50 | I | 0.56 | A | 1.13 | I |
AW—ajowan, BE—basil, CA—German chamomile, CC—Chinese cinnamon, CF—coriander, EO—essential oil, GF—clove, LG—lemongrass, LS—Spanish lavender, OC—oregano, PM—palmarosa, AMX—amoxicillin, DOX—doxycycline, PEN V—penicillin V, TET—tetracycline, A—additive, FICI—Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index, I—indifferent, Int.—interaction type, S—synergistic.