Table 1.
Meta-analysis of the associations between statins and omega-3 supplementation with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death.
| Intervention | All-Cause Mortality | Cardiovascular Disease Death | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Studies (I2) | RR (95% CI) | No. Studies (I2) | RR (95% CI) | |
| Statins | ||||
| Overall | 30 (43.8%) | 0.90 (0.86–0.94) | 27 (37.2%) | 0.86 (0.80–0.92) |
| Primary prevention | 5 (21.8%) | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | 5 (0%) | 0.81 (0.66–1.01) |
| Secondary prevention | 3 (0%) | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) | 3 (49.4%) | 0.55 (0.20–1.45) |
| Mixed population | 21 (54.1%) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) | 19 (37.2%) | 0.90 (0.73–1.12) |
| Atorvastatin | 7 (22.6%) | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) | 5 (0%) | 0.78 (0.69–0.87) |
| Pravastatin | 10 (39.7%) | 0.89 (0.81–0.97) | 8 (1.0%) | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) |
| Simvastatin | 3 (76.0%) | 0.85 (0.66–1.09) | 3 (19.6%) | 0.75 (0.45–1.27) |
| Rosuvastatin | 5 (29.4%) | 0.96 (0.90–1.01) | 5 (0%) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) |
| Lovastatin | 2 (0%) | 0.23 (0.05–1.09) | 1 (NA) | 0.68 (0.92–1.26) |
| Fluvastatin | 2 (0%) | 0.71 (0.49–1.05) | 4 (0%) | 0.52 (0.31–0.86) |
| Pitavastatin | 1 (NA) | 0.72 (0.45–1.16) | 1 (NA) | 0.52 (0.31–0.86) |
| Omega-3 supplementation (including REDUCE-IT trial) | ||||
| Overall | 19 (6.0%) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 14 (13.4%) | 0.92 (0.87–0.98) |
| Primary prevention | 5 (0%) | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 4 (45.4%) | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) |
| Secondary prevention | 2 (0%) | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) | 2 (0%) | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) |
| Mixed population | 12 (33.8%) | 1.09 (0.91–1.27) | 8 (23.3%) | 0.92 (0.78–1.09) |
| EPA+DHA | 17 (2.2%) | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 13 (10.0%) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) |
| EPA only | 2 (6.0%) | 0.98 (0.81–1.18) | 1 (NA) | 0.82 (0.67–0.99) |
| Omega-3 supplementation (excluding REDUCE-IT trial) | ||||
| Overall | 18 (4.4%) | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 13 (10.0%) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) |
| Primary prevention | 4 (0%) | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) | 3 (42.2%) | 0.95 (0.83–1.08) |
| Secondary prevention | 2 (0%) | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) | 2 (0%) | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) |
| Mixed population | 12 (33.8%) | 1.09 (0.91–1.27) | 8 (23.3%) | 0.92 (0.78–1.09) |
| EPA + DHA | 17 (2.2%) | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 13 (10.0%) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) |
| EPA only | 1 (NA) | 1.08 (0.91–1.27) | - | - |
RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; NA, not applicable; REDUCE-IT, Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl - Intervention Trial. Bold font indicates statistical significance.