Figure 4.

Edaravone-loaded ceria nanoparticles cross the blood brain barrier and protect the brain from ischemic stroke. (A) The nanoplatform is comprised of ceria nanoparticle core, PEG shell, and ANG as targeting peptide. (a) Transition between cerium(III) and cerium(IV) species in ceria NPs; (b) main components of the nanoparticle system; (c) synthetic procedure for E-A/P-CeO₂; (d) receptor-mediated (ANG-LRP) endocytosis of E-A/P-CeO₂. (B) Transmigrated amount of P-CeO₂ and E-A/P-CeO₂ in in vitro transmigration model. Free ANG was used as the blocking agent in group 3. (C) Concentrations (µg Ce/g brain tissue) of ceria nanoparticles in normal brain tissue. The injection dose was 0.5 mg/kg. (D) Representative TTC (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride)-stained brain sections after different treatments within 24 h of stroke. Data represent mean ± standard deviation (SD). * indicates p < 0.05. Reproduced with permission [63]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society.