Table 1.
PARTICIPANT DEMOGRAPHICS, SOCIOECONOMIC AND LIFESTYLE HABITS RELATED TO BONE HEALTH
| Variables | Men N (%) | Women N (%) | p value for the categorya | p value by levelb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| 18–29 | 118 (26.0) | 134 (20.8) | .186 | .162 |
| 30–39 | 83 (18.3) | 128 (19.9) | .390 | |
| 40–49 | 111 (24.5) | 152 (23.6) | .433 | |
| 50–59 | 85 (18.8) | 126 (19.6) | .442 | |
| 60–69 | 47 (10.4) | 83 (12.9) | .335 | |
| 70–79 | 8 (1.8) | 21 (3.3) | .411 | |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married/Living as | 189 (41.7) | 308 (47.8) | .186 | .094 |
| Widowed, Divorced, Separated | 75 (16.6) | 129 (20.0) | .269 | |
| Never married | 188 (41.5) | 203 (31.5) | .020 | |
| Education level | ||||
| <High School | 112 (24.7) | 128 (19.9) | <.001 | .182 |
| High School or GED | 174 (38.4) | 184 (28.6) | .024 | |
| Voc/Tech/Assoc/Some college | 156 (34.4) | 276 (42.9) | .043 | |
| College degree or higher | 10 (2.2) | 52 (8.1) | .231 | |
| Tobacco Smoking | ||||
| Current | 86 (18.9) | 69 (10.7) | <.001 | .071 |
| Former | 24 (5.3) | 19 (2.9) | .347 | |
| Never | 331 (73.1) | 535 (83.1) | <.001 | |
| Alcohol intake | ||||
| ≤ 3 units per day | 310 (68.4) | 583 (90.5) | <.001 | <.001 |
| > 3 units per day | 125 (27.6) | 37 (5.7) | <.001 | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.83 (5.68) | 32.08 (6.55) | <.001 | |
| Height (inches) | 67.2 (2.44) | 62.3 (2.24) | <.001 | |
| Weight (pounds) | 198.3 (41.00) | 176.90 (38.22) | <.001 | |
| Supplement use | ||||
| Calcium intake (mg/day) | 1890.3 (1547.8) | 1638.0 (1614.5) | .011 | |
| Vitamin D intake (IU/day) | 390.0 (395.0) | 311.0 (332.0) | <.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.83 (5.68) | 32.08 (6.55) | <.001 | |
| Moderate Activity | ||||
| < 3 Hrs. | 185 (40.8) | 459 (71.3) | <.001 | <.001 |
| GE 3 Hrs | 247 (54.5) | 150 (23.3) | <.001 | |
| Vigorous Activity | ||||
| < 3 Hrs. | 257 (56.7) | 510 (79.2) | <.001 | <.001 |
| GE 3 Hrs | 175 (38.6) | 99 (15.4) | <.001 | |
| Female specific variables | N (%) | |||
| Menopause | ||||
| Not Reported | 42 (6.5) | |||
| Yes | 183 (28.4) | |||
| No | 419 (65.1) | |||
| Taken female hormones for menopause | ||||
| Not Reported | 412 (64) | |||
| Yes, currently | 17 (2.6) | |||
| Yes, but not now | 49 (7.6) | |||
| No | 166 (25.8) | |||
| Taken birth control pills | ||||
| Not Reported | 24 (3.7) | |||
| Yes, currently | 48 (7.5) | |||
| Yes, but not now | 218 (33.9) | |||
| No | 354 (55) | |||
| Any female hormone use current or pastc | ||||
| Yes | 345 (53.6) | |||
a
Chi-square
b
Binomial test of proportions
c
Birth control shots not included