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. 2020 Oct 27;22:113. doi: 10.1186/s13058-020-01351-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — IDO1 enzyme expression and activity in HC and various BrCa subtypes. a IDO1 mRNA log2-normalized expression level is significantly increased in TN (n = 199) and HER2-enriched (n = 220) BrCa subtypes, compared to luminal (n = 1140) and healthy control (n = 144) tissues from the METABRIC dataset. b IDO1 activity (as reflected by the ratio of KYN to TRP concentration, K/T ratio) is upregulated in TN (n = 143) and HER2-enriched (n = 127) BrCa patient serum relative to HC (n = 98) and luminal (n = 138) BrCa patient sera. c IDO1 protein immunohistochemistry in BrCa tissues shows pronounced IDO1 staining in TN and HER2-enriched BrCa subtypes. Representative images of IDO1 staining in BrCa tumor tissue subtypes with semi-quantification (n = 10 each subtype; scale bar, 1000 μM). d Induction of IDO1 mRNA is approximately 100-fold higher in TN cells relative to HER2 and luminal BrCa cells after 24 h IFN-γ treatment (n = 3, in triplicate). e Only TN BrCa cells show a marked translation of active IDO1 protein as judged by K/T ratio after 48 h IFN-γ treatment (n = 3, in triplicate). The error bars indicate the standard deviation from the triplicates of cell culture treatment. KP metabolite analysis was performed using uHPLC. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001