Table I:
Sample demographics and condition-specific characteristics (n=110)
| % | n | |
| Sex (female) | 60 | 66 |
| Ethnic group | ||
| African American | 14 | 15 |
| Asian American | 6 | 7 |
| White | 56 | 61 |
| Latino | 20 | 22 |
| Other/multiethnicity | 5 | 5 |
| Type of spina bifida | ||
| Myelomeningocele | 87 | 96 |
| Lipomeningocele/meningocele | 6 | 6 |
| Occulta | 1 | 1 |
| Unknown or uncertain | 6 | 7 |
| Lesion level | ||
| Sacral | 18 | 20 |
| Lumbar | 58 | 64 |
| Thoracic | 13 | 14 |
| Unknown | 11 | 12 |
| Shunt status (present) | 89 | 95 |
| Mean (SD) | n | |
| Age, y:mo (range: 6–32y) | 14:7 (6:1) | 110 |
| Yearly family income | 7.51 (5.21) | 88a |
| Full-scale IQ score | 82.51 (18.39) | 101a |
Yearly family income was reported on a 21-point scale, from <$10 000 per year to >$200 000 per year, with each point on the scale representing increments of $10 000. For this sample, family income ranged from <$10 000 to >$200 000+ per year with a mean of ~$65 000 and a standard deviation of ~$50 200.
a
Sample size is reduced for these characteristics because of missing data/assessments.