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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 22.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Funct Mater. 2020 Sep 2;30(43):2003717. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202003717

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of nanoclay-organic bone sealant (NoBS).

Figure 1.

Preparation of SAG-loaded nanoclay (SAG-NC) via intercalation of SAG between nanoclay (NC) layers. Exfoliation of SAG-NC by electrostatic interactions between phytochemical-conjugated glycol chitosan (PGC) and SAG-NC. The mixture of PGC and SAG-NC was crosslinked to develop the NoBS via oxidative coupling and physical crosslinking upon the addition of oxidizer (NaIO4). After implantation of the NoBS at the site of bone defect, NoBS exhibited bone regeneration by upregulating Wnt/β-catenin and Hedgehog signaling pathways in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with bactericidal and antioxidant activities and controlled SAG delivery.