Table 2.

Factors associated with pre-sarcopenia in sorafenib-failed HCC.

	Univariate			Multivariate
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Age, years
> 60 vs. ≦60	1.626	1.063–2.488	0.025	1.796	1.126–2.863	0.014
Sex
Female vs. Male	2.130	1.214–3.737	0.008	1.877	1.774–3.220	0.045
BMI, kg/m2 &
BMI ≧ 22.0, ascites (−)	1	–	–	1	–	–
Ascites status
BMI ≧ 22.0, ascites ( +)	1.327	0.815–2.159	0.255			NS
BMI < 22.0	4.089	2.287–7.310	< 0.001	4.116	2.216–7.646	< 0.001
Chronic viral hepatitis
Yes vs. No	1.175	0.615–2.242	0.626			NA
Alcoholism
Yes vs. No	1.026	0.423–2.484	0.955			NA
Lab data at PD
AFP, ng/mL
> 400 vs. ≦ 400	0.749	0.483–1.163	0.198			NA
Creatinine, mg/dL
> 1.2 vs.+ 1.2	1.675	0.857–3.273	0.131			NA
Prothrombin time, INR
> 1.2 vs.≦ 1.2	1.630	1.019–2.609	0.042			NS
ALT, U/L
> 40 vs.≦ 40	1.168	0.767–1.780	0.469			NA
AST, U/L
> 40 vs.≦ 40	1.282	0.762–2.155	0.350			NA
Platelet count
≦ 100 K vs. > 100 K	1.252	0.772–2.030	0.362			NA
ALBI grade at PD
Grade 2 vs. 1	1.488	0.838–2.645	0.175			NS
Grade 3 vs. 1	2.045	1.034–4.047	0.040			NS
Tumor size, cm
> 7 vs. ≦ 7	1.381	0.904–2.109	0.135			NA
Tumor number
Multiple vs. Single	0.973	0.638–1.483	0.899			NA
Early progression*
Yes vs. No	1.313	0.803–2.145	0.277			NA
Extrahepatic metastasis
Yes vs. No	0.956	0.599–1.526	0.849			NA
Major vascular invasion
Yes vs. No	1.052	0.679–1.632	0.819			NA

AFP alpha fetoprotein, ALBI grade albumin-bilirubin grade, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, INR international normalized ratio, NA not adopted, NS not significant, OR odds ratio, PD progressive disease.

*Early progression: progressive disease developed within 4 months during sorafenib treatment.