Table 5.

Multivariable logistic regression analyses of all opportunistic pathogens evaluated in this study on each type of vaginal microbiota.

Type of vaginal microbiota	Opportunistic pathogen	P-value	OR	95% CI	Adjusted P-value
Healthy microbiota	Atopobium vaginae	0.107	0.69	0.43–1.09)	0.161
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.008**	0.06	0.01–0.49	0.048*
	Gardnerella spp.	0.023*	0.59	0.37–0.93	0.069
	Escherichia coli	0.185	0.64	0.34–1.23	0.222
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.698	0.73	0.14–3.68	0.698
	Candida albicans	0.063	0.13	0.02–1.12	0.126
Intermediate microbiota	Atopobium vaginae	0.484	1.28	0.64–2.55	0.654
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.545	0.52	0.06–4.30	0.654
	Gardnerella spp.	0.245	1.50	0.76–2.99	0.654
	Escherichia coli	0.720	1.18	0.48–2.94	0.720
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.362	2.28	0.39–13.37	0.654
	Candida albicans	0.374	2.20	0.39–12.58	0.654
Bacterial vaginosis	Atopobium vaginae	0.657	1.24	0.48–3.25	0.709
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.020*	4.98	1.28–19.39	0.060
	Gardnerella spp.	0.010**	4.16	1.40–12.35	0.060
	Escherichia coli	0.490	0.63	0.17–2.37	0.709
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.481	2.31	0.22–23.85	0.709
	Candida albicans	0.709	1.54	0.16–15.03	0.709
Aerobic vaginitis	Atopobium vaginae	0.536	0.81	0.41–1.59	0.999
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.080	3.29	0.87–12.50	0.240
	Gardnerella spp.	0.800	0.92	0.47–1.80	0.999
	Escherichia coli	0.009**	2.81	1.29–6.12	0.054
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.990	0.99	0.10–9.59	0.999
	Candida albicans	0.999	0.00	0.00–N/d	0.999
Candidiasis	Atopobium vaginae	0.095	6.62	0.72–60.79	0.285
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.999	0.00	0.00–Nd	0.999
	Gardnerella spp.	0.703	1.44	0.22–9.19	0.999
	Escherichia coli	0.405	2.14	0.36–12.89	0.810
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.999	0.00	0.00–N/d	0.999
	Candida albicans	0.007**	17.94	2.22–145.11	0.042*
Coinfections	Atopobium vaginae	0.056	3.34	0.97–11.54	0.168
	Mobiluncus mulieris	0.033*	5.48	1.15–26.18	0.168
	Gardnerella spp.	0.359	1.76	0.52–5.94	0.431
	Escherichia coli	0.229	0.27	0.03–2.26	0.431
	Enterococcus faecalis	0.999	0.00	0.00–N/d	0.999
	Candida albicans	0.296	3.50	0.33–36.64	0.431

Legend: Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine how different opportunistic pathogens (independent variables) were simultaneously associated with each type of vaginal microbiota diagnosis (dependent variables). Each type of vaginal infection (BV, VC, AV, and co-infection), healthy microbiota, and intermediate microbiota were considered categorical variables (dependent variables) for testing against different opportunistic pathogens (independent variables) detected in each type of vaginal microbiota. A value of P < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were considered significant for the test: *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01. N/d non-determined. All initial values of P < 0.05 obtained by multivariable logistic regression analyses were then evaluated through Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) adjustment to detect false discovery rate (FDR) for conducting multiple comparisons. These P-values evaluated by BH adjustment were illustrated in the table as adjusted P-values.