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. 2020 Jul 18;25(6):1025–1032. doi: 10.1007/s12192-020-01139-4

Table 2.

List of major upregulated and downregulated proteins identified in this study involved in cold stress

Gene Protein name Change Fold change Description
proA Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase Upregulated 41.2 Proline biosynthesis
aruI Probable 2-ketoarginine decarboxylase Upregulated 35.5 Pathway L-arginine degradation
xseA Exodeoxyribonuclease 7 large subunit Upregulated 29.9 Single-stranded DNA degradation
ahcY Adenosylhomocysteinase Upregulated 13.5 Regulate adenosylhomocysteine
pepA Cytosol aminopeptidase Upregulated 9.4 Control intracellular proteins turnover
pqqB Coenzyme PQQ synthesis protein B Upregulated 9.2 Coenzyme PQQ biosynthesis
clpB Chaperone protein ClpB Upregulated 6.2 Part of a stress-induced multi-chaperone system
rmuC DNA recombination protein RmuC Upregulated 5.1 Involved in DNA recombination
dnaJ Chaperone protein DnaJ Upregulated 4.4 Stress-induced multi-chaperone system
rnhA Ribonuclease H Upregulated 3.8 Degradation of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids
rnr Ribonuclease R Upregulated 3.7 Maturation of structural RNAs
groL 60 kDa chaperonin Upregulated 3.6 Prevents misfolding of unfolded polypeptides
tsf Elongation factor Ts Upregulated 3.4 Associates with the EF-Tu GDP
hscA Chaperone protein HscA Upregulated 2.9 Chaperone involved in the maturation of iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins
lepA Elongation factor 4 Upregulated 2.9 Protein synthesis under stress conditions
htpG Chaperone protein Upregulated 2.8 Molecular chaperone
recA Protein Upregulated 2.7 Homologous recombination
cbpA Curved DNA-binding protein Upregulated 2.4 Functional analog of DnaJ
gyrB DNA gyrase subunit B Upregulated 2.4 Induce negatively supercoiling in DNA
dnaA Chromosomal replication initiator protein Upregulated 2.3 Regulation of chromosomal replication
fusB Elongation factor G 2 Upregulated 2.3 GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation
tig Trigger factor Upregulated 2.0 Involved in protein export, Acts as a chaperone
sodB Superoxide dismutase Upregulated 2.0 Destroys superoxide anion radicals
hldE Bifunctional protein HldE Downregulated 17.5 Nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis
rlmN Dual-specificity RNA methyltransferase RlmN Downregulated 15.3 Proofreading at the peptidyl transferase center
rdgC Recombination-associated protein Downregulated 10.2 May be involved in recombination
nuoC NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit Downregulated 7.1 Electron transport
hemF Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase Downregulated 6.9 Porphyrin-containing compound metabolism.
betB NAD/NADP-dependent betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase Downregulated 6.8 Biosynthesis of the glycine betaine
bamD Outer membrane protein assembly factor BamD Downregulated 5.7 Assembly of proteins in outer membrane
PhoR Phosphate regulon sensor protein PhoR Downregulated 5.2 Phosphate regulon genes expression
treA Periplasmic trehalase Downregulated 5.0 Trehalose degradation
ppc Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Downregulated 4.3 Oxaloacetate generation for the TCA
nadA Quinolinate synthase A Downregulated 3.7 NAD (+) biosynthesis
mdcB Probable 2-(5″-triphosphoribosyl)-3′-dephosphocoenzyme-A synthase Downregulated 3.6 Formation the prosthetic group of the acyl-carrier protein of the malonate decarboxylase
alg8 Mannuronan synthase Downregulated 3.3 Alginate biosynthesis
algG Mannuronan C5-epimerase Downregulated 3.3 Alginate biosynthesis
ggpS Glucosylglycerol-phosphate synthase Downregulated 3.1 Synthesis of the osmolyte glucosylglycerol
lysC Aspartokinase Downregulated 2.7 L-Methionine biosynthesis via de novo pathway
aceK Isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase Downregulated 2.6 Phosphorylate or dephosphorylate isocitrate dehydrogenase
metH Methionine synthase Downregulated 2.5 Synthesizes L-methionine
ackA Acetate kinase Downregulated 2.3 Pathway acetyl-CoA biosynthesis
eno2 Enolase 2 Downregulated 2.3 Part of the pathway glycolysis
glgA Glycogen synthase Downregulated 2.2 Glycogen biosynthesis
pgi Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Downregulated 2.2 Pathway gluconeogenesis