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. 2020 Aug 10;123(9):1395–1403. doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-1025-1

Fig. 4. Effect of sulforaphane on non-cancerous human stem cells.

Fig. 4

a Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were treated with 0, 0.875, 1.75, 3.5, 7 and 14 μM of SF for 72 h. Data are presented as means ± SD for N = 3 (**P < 0.01 compared with the control). b PDLSCs and c DPSCs were treated with 3.5 μM of SF in the presence or absence of 0.5 and 1 μg/ml of CIS, or 0.13 and 1.3 μg/ml of 5-FU for 72 h, respectively. Data are presented as means ± SD. d PDLSCs and DPSCs were treated with 3.5 µM SF for 72 h, induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation and then stained with Alizarin Red for identification and quantification of osteocytes. Photographs were taken at ×5 magnification, scale bar = 90 µM. e PDLSCs and DPSCs were treated with 3.5 µM SF for 72 h, induced to undergo chondrogenic differentiation and then cryosectioned and stained with Collagen Type II immunofluorescence staining for the identification and quantification of chondrocytes. Photographs at 20× magnification, scale bar = 47 µM.