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. 2020 Oct 27;10:18351. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75186-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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LepR expression in cryptal mesenchymal cells. (a–c) gp38⁺ mesenchymal cells isolated from the cryptal and upper mucosal layers underwent gene microarray analysis (n = 1). (d) Gene expression of leptin receptors in mesenchymal cells sorted from upper mucosa or crypt were examined with that of EpCAM⁺ epithelial cells and CD45⁺ lymphocytes by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. *P < 0.05. Each result was normalized against the expression of Gapdh. n.s. indicates not significant. (e) Leptin receptor expressions in upper mucosa or crypt were examined by flow cytometry. Gray histogram indicates isotype control. Data from a single representative experiment among three independent experiments are shown.