. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020 Jan 23;41(5):539–546. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.376

Table 1.

Fluorescent powder and MS2 detections on participating healthcare professionals (HCPs) and surfaces touched by participating HCPs after exiting the patient’s room, by patient isolation status.

Type of detection	All HCPs N=77 (%)	HCPs caring for Patient on Contact Precautions N=54 (%)	HCPs caring for Patient not on Precautions N=23 (%)	OR (95% CI)	p^a
*Fluorescent Powder*^b	26 (34)	10 (19)	16 (70)	0.10 (0.03 – 0.31)	<0.001
HCP^c	23 (30)	9 (17)	14 (61)	0.13 (0.04 – 0.39)	<0.001
Touched surface^d	10 (13)	3 (6)	7 (30)	0.13 (0.03 – 0.58)	0.006

*MS2*^e	15 (19)	8 (15)	7 (30)	0.40 (0.12 – 1.27)	0.13
HCP^c	10 (13)	4 (7)	6 (26)	0.23 (0.06 – 0.90)	0.06
Touched surface^d	6 (8)	4 (7)	2 (9)	0.84 (0.14 – 4.94)	1.00

Abbreviations: HCP, healthcare professionals

^a.

Fisher’s exact test was used for comparisons due to small cell sizes.

^b.

Defined as the visualization of fluorescence when the HCP/surface was scanned with a handheld UV light.

^c.

Includes HCP hands, sleeves/wrist, gloves, face, and clothing.

^d.

Environmental surfaces touched by HCPs after leaving the patient room.

^e.

Defined as the detection of MS2 on a swab collected from the HCP/surface via real-time reverse transcriptase PCR.