. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020 Jan 23;41(5):539–546. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.376

Table 2.

Fluorescent powder and MS2 detections on participating healthcare professionals (HCP) and/or surfaces touched by participating HCP by type.

Type of detection	Surrogate marker detected	Surrogate marker not detected	OR (95% CI)	p
*Fluorescent Powder*	N=26 (%)	N=51 (%)
Nurse^a (n=40)	13 (50)	26 (51)	Reference
Physician (n=16)	3 (12)	13 (26)	0.48 (0.12 – 1.98)	0.31
Other^b (n=21)	10 (39)	12 (24)	1.89 (0.64 – 5.57)	0.25

*MS2*	N=15 (%)	N=62 (%)
Nurse^a (n=40)	4 (27)	35 (57)	Reference
Physician (n=16)	6 (40)	10 (16)	5.40 (1.27 – 22.93)	0.02
Other^b (n=21)	5 (33)	17 (27)	2.57 (0.67 – 11.88)	0.16

Abbreviations: HCP, healthcare professional

^a.

Includes nurse practitioners and student nurses.

^b.

Includes patient care technicians, respiratory therapists, radiology techs, dieticians, pharmacist, pharmacy student, infection prevention technician, and unit secretary.