. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020 Jan 23;41(5):539–546. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.376

Table 5.

Healthcare professional hand hygiene observations, at first room entry/exit and all room entries/exits, by type of healthcare professional.

Observation	Hand hygiene performed N (%)	OR (95% CI)	p
*First room visit by participating HCP*

*Room entry (n=77)*
Nurse^a n=40	7 (18)	Reference
Physician n=16	5 (31)	0.47 (0.12 – 1.77)	0.26
Other^b n=21	2 (10)	2.02 (0.38 – 10.70)	0.41
*Room exit (n=77)*
Nurse^a n=40	19 (48)	Reference
Physician n=16	9 (56)	0.70 (0.22 – 2.26)	0.56
Other^b n = 21	12 (57)	0.68 (0.23 – 1.97)	0.48

*All HCP room visits*

*Room entry (n=298)*
Nurse^a n=150	38 (25)	Reference
Physician n=71	10 (14)	2.07 (0.97 – 4.44)	0.06
Other^b n=77	6 (8)	4.02 (1.62 – 9.98)	0.003
*Room exit^c (n=290)*
Nurse^a n=147	87 (59)	Reference
Physician n=68	29 (43)	1.95 (1.09 – 3.49)	0.03
Other^b n=75	36 (48)	1.57 (0.90 – 2.75)	0.11

^a.

Includes student nurses and nurse practitioners.

^b.

Includes patient care technicians, respiratory therapists, radiology techs, dieticians, pharmacist, pharmacy student, infection prevention technician, and unit secretary.

^c.

Eight room exit observations were missing because room exit could not be observed.