Table 3.

Relative number of patients using resources at least once, stratified by gender (n = 2095).

	Resource consumption
	Men n = 567	Women n = 1528
	%	%	p-value*
Total costs	98.2%	98.8%	0.357
Direct costs	96.6%	97.7%	0.099
Direct medical costs	96.6%	97.6%	0.120
Inpatient care	15.2%	14.2%	0.358
Day admissions	5.8%	6.5%	0.724
Ambulant consultations	93.3%	94.4%	0.175
Examinations	53.4%	50.1%	0.426
Complementary medicine	4.4%	7.9%	0.007
Acupuncture	3.2%	4.2%	0.216
Medical consumables	13.6%	22.1%	<0.001
Professional care	5.8%	11.1%	<0.001
Non-prescription medication	46.9%	53.6%	0.005
Direct non-medical costs	20.5%	29.8%	<0.001
Investments	3.2%	4.1%	0.420
Informal care	19.2%	28.9%	<0.001
Indirect costs	59.1%	50.4%	<0.001
Sick leave	23.3%	21.3%	0.099
Presenteeism	53.8%	45.5%	<0.001
Disability pension	10.1%	10.6%	0.686

^*Adjusted for age, baseline EDSS, disease activity (PIRA, RAW, RWW, DAF, others), study affiliation (DMT group) and follow-up time.

DAF, disease activity free; DMT, disease-modifying treatments; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; PIRA, progression independent of relapse activity; RAW, relapse-associated worsening; RWW, relapse without worsening.