TABLE 2.
Examples of STAT1/2-antagonistic strategies of viruses
| Mechanism | Virus/IFN antagonista (reference) |
|---|---|
| Interaction of IFN antagonists with STAT1/2 | |
| Cytoplasmic sequestration | RABV P1 (187) |
| NIV V (95) | |
| Huaiyangshan banyangvirus NSs (217) | |
| Inhibition of DNA binding | HCMV IE1 (218) |
| RABV P (153, 214) | |
| Porcine bocavirus NP1 (219) | |
| Dephosphorylation of STATs | Vaccinia virus VH1 (220) |
| Inhibition of ISGF3 complex formation | MEV V (221) |
| Targeting of STATs for proteasomal degradation | Simian virus 5 V (222) |
| Dengue virus NS5 (223) | |
| ZIKV NS5 (11, 12) | |
| PEDV (224) | |
| Indirect antagonism | |
| Inhibition of transcription from STAT gene | HPV E6/E7 (225) |
| Inhibition of STAT nuclear import machinery | Ebola virus VP24 (226) |
| HBV Pol (227) | |
| PRRSV Nsp1β (228) | |
| Reduced IFN receptor expression | Respiratory syncytial virus NS1 (229) |
| EBV LMP2A/B (230) | |
| Inhibition of JAK expression/activity | Marburg virus VP40 (231) |
| EBV LMP1 (36) | |
| Murine polyomavirus T antigen (232) | |
| Adenovirus (233) | |
| Upregulation of negative regulators of STAT | IAV NS1 (154) |
| HBV X (234) | |
| HCV core (235) | |
a
PRRSV, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.