Table 3.

Comparison of COVID-19 positive ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) versus COVID-19 negative STEMI: baseline demographic characteristics, primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) pathway characteristics and admission blood tests

	COVID-19 positive (n=46)	COVID-19 negative (n=302)	P value	OR (95% CI)
Baseline demographic characteristics
Age (years)	63 (58–67)	63 (55–72)	0.66
Male sex	37 (80.4%)	241 (79.8%)	0.66
Diabetes	15 (32.6%)	71 (23.5%)	0.18
Hypertension	25 (54%)	153 (50.7%)	0.64
Hyperlipidaemia	24 (52.2%)	100 (33.1%)	0.012*
Smoking	19 (41.3%)	126 (41.7%)	0.96
Previous myocardial infarction	5 (10.9%)	38 (12.6%)	0.74
Stroke	1 (2.2%)	10 (3.3%)	0.68
Previous PCI	1 (2.2%)	40 (13.3%)	0.03*
Previous CABG	0 (0%)	4 (1.3%)	0.43
Peripheral vascular disease	2 (4.4%)	8 (2.7%)	0.52
Renal disease	1 (2.2%)	10 (3.3%)	0.68
Family history of IHD	7 (15.2%)	34 (11.3%)	0.44
Admission blood tests
Haemoglobin (g/L)	137 (116–151)	141 (129–152)	0.15
Lymphocytes (×109/L)	1.3 (0.88–1.7)	1.6 (1.2–2.2)	0.003*
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)	66 (33–217)	86 (30–231)	0.74
Alanine transaminase (IU/L)	46 (32–65)	32 (22–59)	0.087
Ferritin (µg/L)	427 (213–1529)	176 (93–313)	<0.001*
C reactive protein (mg/L)	28 (3–122)	5 (3–23)	0.002*
Creatinine (µmol/L)	83 (68–96)	81 (68–98)	0.66
High-sensitivity troponin T (ng/L)	749 (174–2617)	419 (83–2260)	0.18
PPCI pathway characteristics
Pain—First call (min)	103 (30–410)	80 (30–331)	0.44
First call—Door (min)	88 (68–144)	86 (60–114)	0.21
Door—Balloon (min)	51 (39–77)	47 (32–63)	0.026*
Total ischaemic time (min)	360 (223–1418)	257 (172–580)	0.008*
Out of hospital cardiac arrest	5 (10.9%)	33 (10.9%)	0.99	0.99 (0.40 to 2.69)

Baseline demographic characteristics, admission blood tests, PPCI pathway timings of patients with STEMI and concurrent COVID-19 and those without COVID-19 admitted during the study periods in 2020.

CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; IHD, ischaemic heart disease.