Table 4.
Comparative analysis of Pneumocystis infection group and viral infection group
| Variables | Pneumocystis infection group, n=134 | Non-CMV viral infection group, n=157 | CMV viral infection group, n=95 |
P value |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 65 (48.5) | 56 (35.7) | 32 (33.7) | 0.033 |
| Age, median (IQR) | 56.0 (45.8, 65.0) | 60.0 (52.0, 68.0) | 64.0 (53.0, 71.0) | <0.001 |
| Nephrotic syndrome or chronic glomerulonephritis | 38 (28.4) | 10 (6.4) | 13 (13.7) | <0.001 |
| Solid organ transplant | 7 (5.2) | 43 (27.4) | 5 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| Connective tissue disease | 58 (43.3) | 50 (31.8) | 43 (45.3) | 0.051 |
| Interstitial lung disease | 49 (36.6) | 95 (60.5) | 42 (44.2) | <0.001 |
| Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia | 12 (9.0) | 28 (17.8) | 14 (14.7) | 0.091 |
| Laboratory examination | ||||
| White cell, ×109/L (IQR) | 8.22 (5.50, 11.46) | 8.45 (5.94, 11.59) | 7.96 (5.77, 12.65) | 0.888 |
| Neutrophils, ×109/L (IQR) | 7.12 (4.66, 10.50) | 6.56 (4.47, 9.51) | 6.47 (4.39, 10.77) | 0.438 |
| Lymphocyte, ×109/L (IQR) | 0.60 (0.40, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.60, 1.55) | 0.91 (0.49, 1.57) | <0.001 |
| Persistent lymphocytopenia | 74 (55.2) | 62 (39.5) | 39 (41.1) | 0.017 |
| Oxygenation index | 154.4 (93.6, 251.4) | 295.2 (171.3, 403.3) | 177.8 (102.5, 321.0) | <0.001 |
| Severe pneumonia index score | 75.5 (57.0,105.3) | 79.0 (61.0, 98.0) | 89.0 (68.0, 118.0) | 0.017 |
| CURB-65 score >1 | 39 (29.1) | 46 (29.3) | 34 (35.8) | 0.512 |
| Imaging features, n (%), 35 missing | ||||
| Consolidation or mass | 57 (42.5) | 66 (42.0) | 41 (43.2) | 0.547 |
| Ground-glass opacity | 102 (76.1) | 83 (52.9) | 51 (53.7) | <0.001 |
| Treatment, before admission, n (%) | ||||
| High-dose steroids (>30 mg/day) | 73 (54.5) | 39 (24.8) | 41 (43.2) | <0.001 |
| Accumulated dose of glucocorticoids, methylprednisolone, g (IQR) | 3.3 (2.2, 5.8) | 2.9 (1.2, 6.8) | 4.0 (2.1, 7.4) | 0.186 |
| Time of steroids use (month) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | 5.0 (2.0, 16.0) | 4.0 (2.0, 12.0) | 0.291 |
| Receiving other immunosuppressants | 58 (43.3) | 67 (42.7) | 45 (47.4) | 0.749 |
| Complications, n (%) | ||||
| Non-invasive ventilation | 51 (38.1) | 29 (18.5) | 29 (30.5) | 0.001 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 41 (30.6) | 43 (27.4) | 27 (28.4) | 0.831 |
| Respiratory failure | 104 (77.6) | 69 (43.9) | 55 (57.9) | <0.001 |
| ICU care | 84 (62.7) | 52 (33.1) | 49 (51.6) | <0.001 |
| Septic shock | 38 (28.4) | 40 (25.5) | 22 (23.2) | 0.667 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 6 (4.5) | 17 (10.8) | 6 (6.3) | 0.108 |
| 30-day mortality | 45 (33.6) | 32 (20.4) | 23 (24.2) | 0.034 |
| 90-day mortality | 51 (38.1) | 38 (24.2) | 26 (27.4) | 0.030 |
Non-CMV virus: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus, influenza B virus, human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV) and adenovirus.
CMV, Cytomegalovirus; CURB-65, Confusion, uremia, elevated respiratory rate, hypotension, and aged 65 years or older; ICU, intensive care unit.