Table 1.

A complete list and details of explanatory variables

Variables	Collected data	Answer category
Sociodemographic variables
Maternal education*	Maternal highest level of education	1=No education; 2=Primary; 3=Secondary and above
Residence	Place of residence	1=Urban; 2=Rural
Economic status	Wealth index of the family	1=Poor; 2=Middle; 3=Rich
Employment status	Employment status of the individuals	1=Unemployed; 2=Employed
Adverse maternal characteristics
Underweight mother	The nutritional status (BMI) of mother was measured and if BMI was less than 18.5 kg/m2 then she was underweight	0=No; 1=Yes
Overweight/obese mother	The nutritional status (BMI) of mother was measured and if BMI was higher than 25.0 kg/m2 then she was overweight and BMI was higher than 30.0 kg/m2 then she was obese	0=No; 1=Yes
Unwanted birth	The child birth was not wanted at that time	0=No; 1=Yes
Ever had a terminated pregnancy	The mother had a previous pregnancy termination history (abortion, miscarriage, etc)	0=No; 1=Yes
Victim of intimate partner violence (IPV)	The mother who were a victim of IPV such as beaten in front of child, beaten by husband when refuse to intercourse or burn food etc	0=No; 1=Yes
ANC <4 times	The mother who had used ANC less than four times during pregnancy	0=No; 1=Yes
Maternal high-risk fertility behaviours†
Maternal age at birth <18 years	The mother whose age at the time of the birth was less than 18 years	0=No; 1=Yes
Maternal age at birth >34 years	The mother whose age at the time of the birth was greater than 34 years	0=No; 1=Yes
Birth interval <24 months	The mother who gave birth with a birth interval of less than 24 months	0=No; 1=Yes
Birth order >3	The mother whose birth order was higher than 3	0=No; 1=Yes
Maternal age at birth <18 years and birth interval <24 months‡	The mother whose age at the time of the birth was less than 18 years with an interval of less than 24 months	0=No; 1=Yes
Maternal age at birth >34 years and birth interval <24 months§	The mother whose age at the time of the birth was greater than 34 years with an interval of less than 24 months	0=No; 1=Yes
Birth interval <24 months and birth order >3	The mother whose birth order was higher than 3 with interval of less than 24 months	0=No; 1=Yes

The analysis was restricted for children who were born within 5 years prior to the survey. High-risk fertility behaviour variables categorisation followed Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) standard measure.

*Primary and secondary education is defined as completing grade 5 and 10, respectively.

†Followed standard BDHS measure.

‡Includes the categories ‘age at birth <18 years with birth order >3’ and ‘age at birth <18 years with interval <24 months and birth order>3’.

§Includes the categories ‘age at birth <34 years with interval <24 months’ and ‘age at birth <34 years with interval <24 months and birth order >3’.

ANC, antenatal care; BMI, body mass index.