Table 3.
UOR and AOR to measure the association size of adverse maternal characteristics on newborn’s low birth weight in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014
| Background characteristics | Low birth weight | |
| UOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Sociodemographic variables | ||
| Residence | ||
| Urban(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Rural | 1.34 (1.16 to 1.61)‡ | 1.22 (1.02 to 1.46)* |
| Maternal education | ||
| No education(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Primary | 0.73 (0.59 to 0.90)† | 0.72 (0.57 to 0.90)† |
| Secondary and above | 0.54 (0.44 to 0.66)‡ | 0.57 (0.45 to 0.73)‡ |
| Economic status | ||
| Poor(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Middle | 0.87 (0.71 to 1.06) | 1.03 (0.84 to 1.26) |
| Rich | 0.68 (0.58 to 0.80)‡ | 0.97 (0.79 to 1.18) |
| Employment status | ||
| Unemployed(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Employed | 1.04 (0.88 to 1.23) | 1.02 (0.86 to 1.21) |
| Adverse maternal characteristics | ||
| Underweight mother | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.48 (1.25 to 1.72)‡ | 1.26 (1.06 to 1.49)† |
| Overweight/obese mother | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.91)† | 0.98 (0.78 to 1.23) |
| Taken ANC <4 times | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.44 (1.23 to 1.70)‡ | 1.23 (1.03 to 1.48)* |
| Unwanted birth | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.29 (1.10 to 1.51)† | 1.22 (1.03 to 1.44)* |
| Ever had a terminated pregnancy | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.18 (0.97 to 1.43) | 1.28 (1.05 to 1.57)† |
| Victim of intimate partner violence | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.22 (1.04 to 1.42)† | 1.23 (1.05 to 1.45)* |
| Maternal high-risk fertility behaviours | ||
| Maternal age at birth <18 years | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.81 (1.50 to 2.19)‡ | 1.42 (1.11 to 1.83)† |
| Maternal age at birth >34 years | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.23 (0.89 to 1.71) | 0.93 (0.63 to 1.39) |
| Birth interval <24 months | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.54 (1.32 to 1.80)‡ | 1.25 (1.01 to 1.55)* |
| Birth order >3 | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.30 (1.07 to 1.59)† | 1.04 (0.83 to 1.33) |
| Maternal age at birth <18 years and birth interval <24 months | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.31 (1.12 to 1.53)‡ | 1.26 (1.02 to 1.57)† |
| Maternal age at birth >34 years and birth interval <24 months | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.34 (1.11 to 1.64)† | 1.22 (0.97 to 1.54) |
| Birth order >3 and birth interval <24 months | ||
| No(RC) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.50 (1.09 to 2.06)* | 1.68 (1.18 to 2.37)† |
Model was adjusted for all the predictors included in this table.
*p<0.05.
†p<0.01.
‡p<0.001.
ANC, antenatal care; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; RC, Reference category; UOR, unadjusted odds ratio.