Table 3.

Predictors of utilisation of any antenatal social service (excluding midwives): univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses

	Univariable			Multivariable
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Age (years)	0.92	0.90 to 0.94	<0.001	0.94	0.92 to 0.97	<0.001
Primiparous (vs multiparous)	2.13	1.75 to 2.60	<0.001	1.61	1.28 to 2.03	<0.001
Marital status*
Married, living together with husband	Ref			Ref
Unmarried, living together with partner	6.42	5.15 to 8.00	<0.001	5.48	4.36 to 6.90	<0.001
Unmarried and without partner, divorced or widowed	9.75	5.68 to 16.73	<0.001	10.78	6.15 to 18.87	<0.001
Educational level†
Low (<10 years of schooling)	1.76	1.30 to 2.39	<0.001	1.28	0.90 to 1.82	0.165
Medium (10 years of schooling)	Ref			Ref
High (university entrance level)	1.12	0.91 to 1.39	0.274	1.44	1.13 to 1.84	0.003
Employed before giving birth	0.77	0.59 to 1.01	0.059	0.76	0.55 to 1.05	0.095
Born in Germany	0.92	0.71 to 1.18	0.512
Statutory health insurance (vs private or other health insurance)	1.83	1.35 to 2.48	<0.001	0.64	0.46 to 0.90	0.009
Health literacy	1.00	0.99 to 1.01	0.946

Multivariable analysis: n=2400; Nagelkerke’s R²: 0.22.

Health literacy refers to healthcare scale of the HLS-EU questionnaire.

*Univariable analysis: omnibus test: Χ²=319.05 (df=2), p<0.001.

†Univariable analysis: omnibus test: Χ²=13.07 (df=2), p=0.001.

HLS-EU, European Health Literacy Survey; Ref, reference category.