Table 4: Characteristics of On-going Exercise Trials in HFpEF Patients.

Study	Intervention/Control (n)	Entry EF/ NYHA Class	Duration	Training Modality	Control	Primary Endpoint	Secondary Endpoint
Ex-DHF[41]	160/160	≥50% II–III	12 months	Endurance and resistance training	Usual care	Combined outcome score* after 6 and 12 months	Components of the primary endpoint, submaximal exercise capacity, echocardiographic parameters of LV geometry and dimensions, diastolic and systolic function, ventilatory efficacy, HRQoL and NT-proBNP after 6 and 12 months
OptimEx-CLIN[42]	120/60	>50% II–III	12 months	Moderate intensity continuous training or high intensity interval training	Usual care	Peak VO2 after 3 months	Peak VO2 after 12 months Echocardiographic parameters of LV diastolic function, HRQoL, endothelial function and NT-proBNP after 3 and 12 months.

*Components of the outcome score are all-cause mortality, hospitalisations, NYHA functional class, global self-rated health, maximal exercise capacity and diastolic function.

EF = ejection fraction; HFpEF = heart failure with preserved EF; HRQoL = health-related quality of life; LV = left ventricular; NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA = New York Heart Association; peak VO₂ = peak exercise oxygen uptake.