Table 4.

Summary of the studies of association of the inflammation and ADRD

Study	N	Study design	Findings
Schmidt et al., 2002 [58]	1,050	Prospective cohort study	Association between elevated hsCRP and development of ADRD (p < 0.0001)
Engelhart et al., 2004 [59]	915	Prospective cohort study	Association between elevated alpha1-antichymotrypsin, interleukin-6 and ADRD (RR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23–1.81; RR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06–1.55)
Yaffe et al., 2004 [60]	2,632	Prospective cohort study	Association between metabolic syndrome with inflammation and ADRD (RR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19–2.32)
Holmes et al., 2009 [61]	300	Prospective cohort study	Association with progression of ADRD in group with high baseline TNF-levels and presence of systemic inflammatory events (p = 0.02)
Wallin et al., 2012 [77]	1,449	Prospective cohort study	Presence of any joint disorder in midlife associated with worse cognitive status later in life (OR 1.96; CI: 1.17–3.28)
Pandharipande et al., 2013 [63]	821	Prospective cohort study	Longer duration of delirium during ICU stay is associated with worse global cognition and executive function (p = 0.004)

hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; ADRD, Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; CI, confidence intervals; RR, relative risk.