Table 6. Moderation Analyses of Pooled Effect Sizes for Victimization and Perpetration.
| Bullying | Moderator | Associated factors | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Age | ASD symptoms | SCI | RRB | Externalizing | Internalizing | Inclusive setting | ||||||||||||||||||
| n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | n | β | t | ||
| Victimization | Publication year | 7 | −0.014 | −0.68 | 6 | −0.470 | −0.86 | 5 | 0.033 | 0.90 | 7 | 0.003 | 0.08 | 3 | −0.018 | −0.08 | 6 | 0.058 | 1.28 | 9 | 0.025 | 0.62 | 5 | −0.114 | −1.23 |
| Age | 7 | - | - | - | 5 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Childhood | 3 | 0.015 | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | 4 | 0.397 | - | 2 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 4 | 0.310 | - | 3 | - | ||
| Adolescents | 3 | 0.015 | 1.42 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 3 | −0.067 | −0.44 | 1 | - | - | 2 | - | - | 5 | 0.153 | 0.84 | 2 | - | - | ||
| Mixed | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | |
| Gender | 7 | - | - | 6 | 0.006 | 0.26 | 5 | −0.008 | −0.61 | 7 | 0.004 | 0.37 | 3 | 0.021 | 1.05 | 5 | 0.046 | 2.52 | 9 | 0.004 | 0.28 | 5 | 0.028 | 0.41 | |
| Respondents | 7 | - | - | 6 | - | - | 5 | - | - | 7 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 6 | - | - | 9 | 5 | - | - | |||
| Self | 4 | - | - | 4 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 2 | - | 1 | - | - | 2 | - | - | 4 | 0.101 | - | 2 | - | - | ||
| Parent | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 2 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | 4 | −0.157 | −0.79 | 3 | - | - | |
| Teacher | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | ||
| Peer | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 0 | - | - | |
| Quality | 7 | −0.048 | −0.79 | 6 | −0.941 | −0.70 | 5 | 0.024 | 1.08 | 7 | 0.009 | 0.35 | 3 | 0.065 | 0.40 | 6 | 0.073 | 2.29 | 9 | 0.037 | 0.98 | 5 | −0.261 | −2.68 | |
| Perpetration | Publication year | 3 | 0.013 | 0.75 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | −0.047 | −0.99 | 3 | −0.038 | −22.42* | - | - | - |
| Gender | 3 | −0.010 | −0.99 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 0.013 | 0.43 | 3 | −0.012 | −0.96 | - | - | - | |
| Quality | 3 | 0.029 | 21.30* | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | −0.099 | −1.26 | 3 | −0.070 | −13.03* | - | - | - | |
ASD, autism spectrum disorder; SCI, deficits in social interaction and communication; RRB, restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities; quality, methodological quality.
*p<0.05.