Table 1.
Demographics and perioperative data of patients in this cohort.
| Age (year; mean ± SD) | 47.57 ± 10.31 |
| Gender [n (%)] | |
| Male | 270 (80.60) |
| Female | 65 (19.40) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.86 ± 3.79 |
| Preoperative factors [n (%)] | |
| Hypertension/CHD | 181 (54.03) |
| Congestive heart failure | 101 (30.15) |
| A left ventricular ejection fraction of <35% | 27 (8.06) |
| Marfan syndrome | 11 (3.28) |
| CKD | 23 (6.87) |
| COPD | 17 (5.07) |
| Diabetes | 10 (2.99) |
| Chronic liver disease | 15 (4.48) |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 17 (5.07) |
| Aortic regurgitation | 134 (40.00) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 20 (5.97) |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 82 (24.48) |
| Intraoperative factors | |
| MHCA [n (%)] | 248 (74.03) |
| DHCA [n (%)] | 87 (25.97) |
| CPB duration (min) | 257.20 ± 57.90 |
| Red blood cell transfusion (units) | 3.04 ± 2.69 |
| Lowest HGB intraoperative (g/L) | 75.04 ± 10.77 |
| Complication [n (%)] | |
| SIRS | 109 (32.54) |
| ARDS | 47 (14.03) |
| Hepatic failure | 41 (12.24) |
| Hypoproteinemia | 72 (21.49) |
| Lactic acidosis | 62 (18.51) |
| Laboratory | |
| Baseline Scr (μmol/L) | 90.18 ± 54.46 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 7.46 ± 4.23 |
| UA (umol/L) | 368.51 ± 127.07 |
| Cys-C (mg/L) | 1.98 ± 1.53 |
| HGB (g/L) | 128.32 ± 19.96 |
| Low hematocrit levels [<24%; n %)] | 61 (18.21) |
| PLT (109/L) | 166.85 ± 95.89 |
| WBC (109/L) | 11.42 ± 7.18 |
| N (%) | 79.65 ± 10.92 |
| Surgical treatment | |
| Hemiarch reconstruction | 125 (37.3) |
| Total arch replacement | 210 (62.7) |
| LOS in hospital (days) | 22.54 ± 9.90 |
| CRRT [n (%)] | 41 (12.24) |
| Mortality [n (%)] | 60 (17.91) |
Continuous variables with normal distribution were reported as the mean ± standard deviation (SD); categorical variables were reported as number (percentage).
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MHCA, moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest; DHCA, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; HGB, hemoglobin; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; Scr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; UA, uric acid; Cys-C, cystatin C; PLT, platelet; WBC, white blood cell; N, neutrocyte; LOS, length of stay; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy.