TABLE 2.

The inhibitory effects of tumor cell-derived ExoPD-L1 on T cells in vitro.

Cell source of ExoPD-L1	Target cell	Effect	Indicator	References
Human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	PBMCs	Suppression of T cell activation	IL-2 ↓	Yang et al., 2018
Human RKO colon cancer cells	PBMCs		IL-2 ↓	Yang et al., 2018
Human HCC827 NSCLC cells	PBMCs		IL-2 ↓	Yang et al., 2018
Human PC3 prostate cancer cells	Jurkat T cells		IL-2 ↓	Poggio et al., 2019
Human NSCLC primary cells	CD8+ and Jurkat T cells		IL-2 ↓, IFN-γ↓	Kim et al., 2019
Human WM9 melanoma cells	CD8+ T cells		IL-2 ↓, IFN-γ↓, TNF-α↓	Chen G. et al., 2018
Human SK-MEL-2 melanoma cells	PBMCs		IFN-γ↓, PD-1 ↓	Cordonnier et al., 2020
Human MKN74 gastric cancer cells	PBMCs		CD69 ↓, PD-1 ↓	Fan et al., 2019
Human glioblastoma primary cells and murine CT2A cells	CD8+ and CD4+ T cells		CD69 ↓, CD25 ↓, PD-1 ↓	Ricklefs et al., 2018
Human glioblastoma primary cells and murine CT2A cells	CD8+ and CD4+ T cells	Inhibition of T cell proliferation	CFSE ↓	Ricklefs et al., 2018
Human WM9 melanoma and murine B16-F10 cells	CD8+ T cells		CFSE ↓, Ki67 ↓	Chen G. et al., 2018
Human NSCLC primary cells and H1264 cells	CD8+ T cells		CFSE ↓, Ki67 ↓	Chen G. et al., 2018
Human SK-MEL-2 melanoma cells	PBMCs		Ki67 ↓	Cordonnier et al., 2020
Human H1264 NSCLC cells	CD8+ T cells	Suppression of T cell Cytotoxicity	GzmB ↓	Chen G. et al., 2018
Human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	PBMCs		Tumor-cell killing ability ↓	Yang et al., 2018
Human WM9 melanoma and murine B16-F10 cells	CD8+ T cells		Tumor-cell killing ability ↓, GzmB↓	Chen G. et al., 2018
Human NSCLC cells	CD8+ T cells	Inhibition of T cell survival	Apoptosis ↑	Kim et al., 2019
Human HNSCC primary cells	CD8+ T cells		Apoptosis ↑	Theodoraki et al., 2018a

↑, increase; ↓, decrease.