Biosensor response of PhdR and LysG-based biosensors in E. coli. Dose-response plot for (A) PhdR-based and (B) LysG-based biosensors in E. coli with inducers and l-histidine and p-coumaric acid, respectively. Cultivations were supplemented with eight different externally supplemented inducer concentrations ranging from 125– to 75,000 μM l-His and 4–200 μM p-coumaric acid for LysG- and PhdR-based biosensors respectively. The biosensor response was plotted as fold change in specific eYFP fluorescence. Error bars represent standard deviations calculated from three biological replicates. FACS experiments with E. coli strains carrying (C) pSCEc-PhdR-W in the presence of 0 μM p-coumaric acid (blue) and 100 μM p-coumaric acid (grey) and (D) pSCEc-LysG-W were performed in the presence of 0 μM His (blue) and 75,000 μM His-Ala (grey) (all externally supplemented). In each case 95,000 representative single cells were analyzed. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)