. 2020 Oct 28;3(10):e2026702. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.26702

Table 2. Unadjusted COVID-19 Outcomes by Ownership.

Outcome^a	% (SD)		P value^b	Nonprofit, % (SD), (n = 2523)	P value^b	Government, % (SD), (n = 611)	P value^b
Outcome^a	Private equity–owned (n = 543)	For-profit, excluding private equity (n = 7793)	P value^b	Nonprofit, % (SD), (n = 2523)	P value^b	Government, % (SD), (n = 611)	P value^b
Resident COVID-19 measures, mean (SD), per 1000 residents
Confirmed COVID-19 cases	110.8 (8.1)	88.3 (2.1)	.007	67.0 (3.8)	<.001	39.8 (7.6)	<.001
COVID-19 deaths	78.9 (5.9)	61.9 (1.6)	.006	66.4 (3.0)	.06	56.2 (7.3)	.02
All deaths	87.9 (4.8)	78.1 (1.3)	.047	91.5 (2.2)	.50	67.6 (4.5)	.002
PPE supply measures
1-wk supply of N95 masks	76.8 (1.5)	86.2 (0.4)	<.001	89.1 (0.7)	<.001	91.8 (1.4)	<.001
1-wk supply of surgical masks	94.1 (1.0)	93.0 (0.3)	.30	95.5 (0.5)	.23	96.2 (1.0)	.14
1-wk supply of eye protection	93.2 (1.0)	93.4 (0.3)	.87	95.8 (0.5)	.02	94.9 (1.0)	.22
1-wk supply of medical gowns	64.3 (1.4)	88.0 (0.4)	<.001	91.4 (0.6)	<.001	91.7 (1.3)	<.001
1-wk supply of gloves	94.3 (0.8)	95.7 (0.2)	.10	97.4 (0.3)	.001	97.9 (0.7)	.002
1-wk supply of hand sanitizer	93.9 (0.9)	94.8 (0.2)	.38	96.5 (0.4)	.01	96.7 (0.9)	.03
Staff shortage measures
Shortage of nursing staff	10.9 (1.5)	15.5 (0.4)	.003	13.6 (0.7)	.11	20.3 (1.4)	<.001
Shortage of clinical staff	2.0 (0.7)	2.9 (0.1)	.25	2.6 (0.3)	.45	3.0 (0.6)	.34
Shortage of aides	13.3 (1.6)	18.1 (0.4)	.004	16.0 (0.8)	.13	21.6 (1.5)	<.001
Shortage of other staff	7.4 (1.2)	9.0 (0.3)	.20	8.5 (0.6)	.39	11.5 (1.2)	.02

Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; PPE, personal protective equipment.

^{^a}

Outcome measures are from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Nursing Home COVID-19 Public File as of July 2, 2020.

^{^b}

Unadjusted comparisons of outcome measures by ownership category relative to private equity were made using t tests for resident COVID-19 measures and proportional tests for resident PPE supply and staff shortage measures.