Table 3. Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model for Mortality After Heart Transplant.

Covariate	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Transplant after policy change	1.29 (1.07-1.55)	.008
Age (increasing, per 1 y)	1.01 (1.00-1.02)	.003
BMI (increasing, per 1 U)	1.02 (1.00-1.03)	.03
Heart failure cause
Nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy	1 [Reference]	NA
Ischemic cardiomyopathy	1.20 (1.03-1.40)	.02
Congenital heart disease	2.12 (1.45-3.10)	<.001
Restrictive cardiomyopathy	1.46 (1.07-1.99)	.02
Valvular heart disease	0.78 (0.38-1.62)	.51
Failed primary heart transplant	2.38 (1.67-3.41)	<.001
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	0.99 (0.64-1.54)	.97
Diabetes	1.18 (1.02-1.36)	.03
Serum total bilirubin (increasing, per 1 mg/dL)	1.04 (1.03-1.06)	<.001
Serum creatinine (increasing, per 1 mg/dL)	1.06 (1.01-1.11)	.02
Recipient cytomegalovirus positive	1.12 (0.98-1.29)	.09
Pretransplant mechanical ventilatory support	1.50 (0.97-2.32)	.07
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	1.90 (1.31-2.78)	.001
Bridging with ventricular assist device
None	1 [Reference]	NA
Left ventricular assist device	1.22 (1.05-1.41)	.008
Right ventricular assist device	2.63 (1.07-6.48)	.04
Total artificial heart	2.71 (1.69-4.35)	<.001
Biventricular assist device	1.39 (0.86-2.25)	.18
Donor age (increasing, per 1 y)	1.01 (1.01-1.02)	<.001
Ischemic time (increasing, per 1 h)	1.13 (1.06-1.20)	<.001

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); NA, not applicable.