Table 3.

Rhythm control strategies and patient-reported outcomes in propensity score matched cohorts

	Function	Anxiety	Depression	Symptoms	AF-related QOL
	(β, 95% CI)	(β, 95% CI)	(β, 95% CI)	(β, 95% CI)	(β, 95% CI)
Rhythm control strategy*	0.20 (−0.99 to 1.40)	−0.44 (−1.66 to 0.78)	−0.39 (−1.53 to 0.76)	0.00 (−21 to 0.22)	−3.23 (−6.78 to 0.32)
Sex	−2.33 (−3.57 to 1.08)	2.25 (0.99 to 3.50)	1.51 (0.32 to 2.70)	0.28 (0.05 to 0.50)	−4.64 (−8.28 to 1.01)
Age	−0.19 (−0.25 to 0.13)	−0.14 (−0.20 to 0.08)	−0.12 (−0.17 to 0.06)	−0.03 (−0.04 to 0.02)	0.18 (0.01 to 0.36)
Education level
>Than college	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
College	−1.95 (−3.49 to 0.42)	−0.10 (−1.67 to 1.46)	0.31 (−1.16 to 1.77)	0.04 (−0.23 to 0.31)	−0.42 (−4.93 to 4.09)
Some college	−1.76 (−3.31 to 0.20)	1.51 (−0.07 to 3.08)	1.15 (−0.33 to 2.63)	0.42 (0.14 to 0.70)	−6.11 (−10.58 to 11.65-
High school or less	−2.46 (−4.26 to 0.66)	−0.04 (−1.87 to 1.79)	0.52 (−1.20 to 2.24)	0.13 (−0.18 to 0.43)	−3.09 (−8.09 to 1.90)
Comorbidity index
0	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
1	−0.76 (−2.31 to 0.79)	0.93 (−0.65 to 2.51)	1.17 (−0.30 to 2.64)	−0.26 (−1.37 to 0.85)	−0.82 (−5.32 to 3.68)
2	−2.47 (−3.79 to 1.15)	0.76 (−0.59 to 2.11)	1.60 (0.34 to 2.86)	−0.01 (−1.11 to 1.08)	−5.89 (−9.81 to 1.97)
BMI
Normal	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Overweight	0.70 (−0.94 to 2.34)	0.38 (−1.29 to 2.05)	−0.38 (−1.95 to 1.18)	−0.12 (−0.0 to 0.17)	−0.18 (−5.05 to 4.68)
Obese	−2.76 (−4.37 to 1.16)	0.76 (−0.89 to 2.42)	0.03 (−1.50 to 1.56)	0.12 (0.26 to 0.30)	−6.18 (−10.93 to 1.43)

^*Rhythm control strategy included cardioversion, ablation and rhythm control medications.

BMI, body mass index; QOL, quality of life.