| ATF4 | Activating transcription factor 4 |
| ATF6 | Activating transcription factor 6 |
| BiP | Immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein |
| COP | Coat protein complex |
| eIF2α | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| G proteins | Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins |
| GSK3β | Glycogen synthase kinase 3β |
| IRE1 | Inositol requiring enzyme-1 |
| MORs | Mu opioid receptors |
| PBA | 4-Phenylbutyric acid |
| PERK | PKR-like ER kinase |
| TUDCA | Tauroursodeoxycholic acid |
| UDCA | Ursodeoxycholic acid |
| UPR | Unfolded protein response |
| XBP1 | X-box binding protein 1 |
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