Table 2.
Classification of the interventions identified in the included LRs
| Types of intervention | n (%)a |
|---|---|
| - Delivery arrangements (domain) | 77 (78.6) |
| • Coordination of care and management of care processes (category) | 38 (49.4) |
| ▪ Care pathways (subcategory) | 26 (113) |
| ▪ Integration the provision of different healthcare services (subcategory) | 9 (39.1) |
| ▪ Disease management (subcategory) | 5 (21.7) |
| ▪ Case management (subcategory) | 3 (13) |
| ▪ Communication between providers (subcategory) | 3 (13) |
| ▪ Continuity of care (subcategory) | 2 (8.7) |
| ▪ Multidisciplinary team of healthcare workers (subcategory) | 1 (4.3) |
| • Who provides care and how the health care workforce is managed (category) | 33 (42.9) |
| ▪ Self-management (subcategory) | 17 (65.4) |
| ▪ Role expansion or task shifting (subcategory) | 16 (61.5) |
| • Information and communication technology (category) | 16 (20.8) |
| ▪ Technology based methods to transfer healthcare information and support the delivery of care (subcategory) | 11 (100) |
| ▪ Health information systems (subcategory) | 3 (27.3) |
| ▪ Telemedicine (subcategory) | 3 (27.3) |
| ▪ Smart home technologies (subcategory) | 1 (9.1) |
| • Where care is provided and changes in the healthcare environment (category) | 16 (20.8) |
| ▪ Site of service delivery (subcategory) | 10 (83.3) |
| ▪ Changes to the physical or sensory healthcare environment, by adding or altering equipment (subcategory) | 3 (25) |
| ▪ Visits by health workers to different locations (subcategory) | 2 (16.7) |
| ▪ Arrangements for transporting patients from one place to another (subcategory) | 1 (8.3) |
| • How and when care is provided (category) | 7 (9.1) |
| ▪ Quality and safety systems (subcategory) | 3 (50) |
| ▪ Coordination of care among different providers (subcategory) | 2 (33.3) |
| ▪ Group versus individual care (subcategory) | 1 (16.7) |
| ▪ A reduction or increase in time to access a healthcare intervention (subcategory) | 1 (16.7) |
| - Financial arrangements (domain) | 7 (6.1) |
| • Mechanisms for payment of health services (category) | 6 (85.7) |
| ▪ Voucher schemes (subcategory) | 6 (100) |
| • Insurance schemes (category) | 1 (16.7) |
| ▪ Community-based health insurance (subcategory) | 1 (100) |
| - Governance arrangements (domain) | 7 (7.1) |
| • Authority and accountability for health policies (category) | 6 (85.7) |
| ▪ Community mobilization (subcategory) | 3 (50) |
| ▪ Patients’ rights (subcategory) | 2 (33.3) |
| ▪ Policies to manage absenteeism (subcategory) | 2 (33.3) |
| • Authority and accountability for health professionals (category) | 1 (14.3) |
| ▪ Authority and accountability for the quality of the practice (subcategory) | 1 (100) |
| - Implementation strategies (domain) | 62 (63.3) |
| • Interventions targeted at specific types of practice, conditions or settings (category) | 45 (72.6) |
| ▪ Practice and setting (subcategory) | 36 (100) |
| ▪ Health conditions (subcategory) | 11 (30.6) |
| • Interventions targeted at healthcare workers (category) | 28 (45.2) |
| ▪ Communities of practice (subcategory) | 9 (34.6) |
| ▪ Tailored interventions (subcategory) | 8 (30.8) |
| ▪ Patient-mediated interventions (subcategory) | 4 (15.4) |
| ▪ Educational meetings (subcategory) | 3 (11.5) |
| ▪ Educational outreach visits, or academic detailing (subcategory) | 3 (11.5) |
| ▪ Adherence of clinical practice guidelines (subcategory) | 2 (7.7) |
| ▪ Routine patient-reported outcome measures (subcategory) | 2 (7.7) |
| ▪ Inter-professional education (subcategory) | 2 (7.7) |
| ▪ Educational materials (subcategory) | 1 (3.8) |
Source: authors based on the information extracted from the literature reviews (LRs) included
a n = total of domains, categories or subcategories contained in the interventions identified in the LR. Percentage = n / total of LR