Table 1.

Names and Definitions of Landmarks Manually Digitized on the First 3D Frame.

Landmark number	Landmark name	Description
1 and 2	Superciliary points	Points located above the most superior part of the eyebrows
3 and 6	Exocanthion	Points at outer corner of the eye fissure
4 and 5	Endocanthion	Points at the inner corner of the eye fissure
7 and 8	Zygion	Most prominent point on the cheek area beneath the outer canthus and slightly medial to the vertical line passing through it.
9	Nasion	The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root at the level of the frontonasal suture
10	Pronasale	The most anterior midpoint of the nasal tip
11	Pogonion	The most anterior midpoint of the chin
12	Subnasale	Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet
13 and 14	Subalare	Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin
15 and 16	Alar curvature	Most lateral point on the curved base line of each ala
Landmark number	Landmark name	Description
17 and 18	Cheilion	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure
19	Labrale superius	The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip
20	Labrale inferius	The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip
21 and 22	Crista philtri left and right	Peak of cupids bow left and right
23 and 24	Corresponding lower lip points to crista philtri left and right	Corresponding points on lower lip to crista philtri left and right
25 and 26	Upper middle lateral lip points	Midpoints located between cheilion and crista philtri left and right
27 and 28	Lower middle lateral lip points	Midpoint between cheilion and 23 and between cheilion and 24
29	Glabella	Midline point between eyebrows

Abbreviation: 3D, 3-dimensional.