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. 2020 Oct 28;39:e2020005. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2020005

Table 3. Results of the included studies.

Study Results
Cardon et al. 17

  • • ↑Knowledge acquired in the immediate post-test and follow-up (p<0.001)

  • • Postural habits:

  • -Better scores in the EG in the immediate post-test period and follow-up (p<0.001)
Cardon et al. 18

  • • Postural habits:

  • -EG presented a higher score after the intervention, after three months and one year for all the items and total score

  • -The increase in the total score for the practical test pre intervention evaluation and evaluation after a one-year follow-up was +1.14 for CG and +26.5 for EG

  • -In the evaluation with the hidden camera, the score was significantly greater in EG (p<0.001) one year after the intervention
Cardon et al. 21

  • • Knowledge acquired:

  • -↑Knowledge acquired in the immediate post-test period and follow-up of three months and one year (p<0.001)

  • -The improvement in general knowledge in the immediate post-test at one year was 33% in EG and 12% in CG; for specific knowledge, 21% in EG and 6% in CG

  • • Postural habits:

  • -Self-reporting of checking schoolbag weight: EG scored higher in the pre- and all post-tests (p<0.001).

  • -Posture when taking the shoes off: EG scored significantly higher in the post-test at three months, whereas posture when picking things up and carrying them was significantly higher in the immediate post-test and at three months
Cardon et al 22

  • • Knowledge acquired:

  • -↑Knowledge acquired regarding spinal care in EG and EG+PA (p<0.001); No significant difference between EG and EG+PA

  • • Postural habits:

  • -Total score for spinal care behaviors was significantly greater in the EG than in CG (p<0.001) and greater in EG than in EG+PA (p<0.001)
Dullien et al. 19

  • • Knowledge acquired:

  • -EG significantly improved their knowledge; there was a significant interaction between “group” and “test time” (F (1.123)=11.87, p=0.001)

  • • Postural habits:

  • -EG improved their behavior in the water crate-carrying task; there was a significant interaction between the factors “group” and “test time” (F (1.164)=7.93, p=0.005)
Kovacs et al 16

  • • Knowledge acquired:

  • -↑Knowledge acquired with the intervention and the effect continued to be significant after three months (p<0.001)

  • -The success in EG, when compared to CG was 1.61 times greater (CI95%: 1.03-2.52, p=0.038)
Vidal et al 20

  • • Postural habits:

  • -↑in score for healthy habits in the post-test in comparison with the baseline in EG (p<0.001) and maintained after three months of follow-up (p < 0.001)

  • -No significant changes observed in CG (p>0.6)

EG: experimental group; CG: control group; PA: physical activity.