TABLE 1.
Demographic features of the study participants.
| Healthy controls | Patients with PD | P* | |
| Number | 23 | 27 | – |
| Age | 63.1 ± 7.2 | 66.1 ± 6.6 | 0.14 |
| Sex (male/female) | 8/15 | 16/11 | 0.08 |
| Disease duration (years) | – | 13.4 ± 7.1 | – |
| UPDRS-III | – | 13.6 ± 7.7 | – |
| Hoehn–Yahr stage | – | 1.7 ± 0.8 | – |
| Levodopa equivalent dose (mg) | – | 1040 ± 556 | – |
| Fazekas periventricular white matter | 0.57 ± 0.66 | 0.63 ± 0.69 | 0.74 |
| Fazekas deep white matter | 0.57 ± 0.73 | 0.70 ± 0.67 | 0.49 |
*Group differences between patients and controls were examined by using the χ2 test for sex and Welch’s t-test for age and Fazekas scales. The significance threshold was set at P < 0.05.