Tab. III.
Correct and incorrect answer of HIV-AIDS knowledge items among participants.
| No | Items | Correct | Incorrect |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The third wave of HIV/AIDS in Iran is caused by unprotected sexual behaviors. | 2 (1%) | 189 (99%) |
| 2 | In Iran, mother-to-child and sexual transmission have rapidly increased in recent years. | 61 (31.9%) | 130 (68.1%) |
| 3 | Nowadays, sexual transmission is the most common HIV/AIDS transmission in Iran. | 63 (33%) | 128 (67%) |
| 4 | Those with high-risk behaviors should refer to counseling centers for behavioral diseases. | 85 (44.5%) | 106 (55.5%) |
| 5 | Usually, mother-to-child HIV transmission occurs during the first and last month of pregnancy or during delivery or breastfeeding. | 87 (45.5%) | 104 (54.5%) |
| 6 | Repeating the HIV/AIDS test every 3-6 months is important for at-risk peoples. | 88 (46.1%) | 103 (53.9%) |
| 7 | Psychedelic drug use, especially methamphetamines increase the risk of sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS. | 95 (49.7%) | 96 (50.3%) |
| 8 | Multiple sexual partners, sexuality and the stage of HIV-AIDS in patients lead to the increased likelihood of transmission. | 114 (59.7%) | 77 (40.3%) |
| 9 | The window period is time between infections with HIV/AIDS until the HIV antigen detected by standard HIV tests. | 127 (66.5%) | 64 (33.5%) |
| 10 | HIV/AIDS transmission through blood and contaminated blood products has been controlled in Iran. | 131 (68.6%) | 60 (31.4%) |
| 11 | Formula milk feeding is an effective prevention strategy to reduce mother-to-child HIV/AIDS transmission during breastfeeding. | 134 (70.2%) | 57 (29.8%) |
| 12 | Mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS occurs during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding. | 135 (70.7%) | 56 (29.3%) |
| 13 | Negative HIV test results immediately after high-risk behavior, it’s not actually confident for HIV/AIDS transmission. | 143 (74.9%) | 48 (25.1%) |
| 14 | IDUs are only vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection. | 144 (75.4%) | 47 (24.6%) |
| 15 | To know about the HIV/AIDS status, counseling and getting a test for HIV/AIDS is recommended. | 146 (76.4%) | 45 (23.6%) |
| 16 | Protected and safe sex is the most important strategy for prevention of HIV/AIDS in Iran. | 151 (79.1%) | 40 (20.9%) |
| 17 | Educational programs for youth regarding HIV/AIDS transmission is an effective preventive strategy, especially in sexual transmission. | 152 (79.6%) | 39 (20.4%) |
| 18 | People with high-risk behaviors are in prioritizing for consultation and testing of HIV/AIDS. | 152 (79.6%) | 39 (20.4%) |
| 19 | Antiretroviral treatment for the mother, prenatal care for HIV-positive women and cesarean delivery may prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS. | 156 (81.7%) | 35 (18.3%) |
| 20 | HIV/AIDS infection is becoming more prevalent in Iran. | 157 (82.2%) | 34 (17.8%) |
| 21 | Sexually transmitted diseases increase the risk of HIV/AIDS infection transmission. | 159 (83.2%) | 32 (16.8%) |
| 22 | HIV/AIDS may not be transmitted from a shared bathroom and toilet. | 161 (84.3%) | 30 (15.7%) |
| 23 | In testing HIV/AIDS, the private space of information should be kept confidential. | 161 (84.3%) | 30 (15.7%) |
| 24 | HIV/AIDS infection is transmitted by mosquito bites and social relationships like talking, coughing, shaking hands and or kissing. | 162 (84.8%) | 29 (15.2%) |
| 25 | Reducing stress and anxiety, decisions on the need for repeat testing and appropriate psychological support from people who have positive test results are the purpose of the consultation before and after the test. | 162 (84.8%) | 29 (15.2%) |
| 26 | HIV/AIDS can be transmitted through needle and syringes sharing. | 165 (86.4%) | 26 (13.6%) |
| 27 | People with unprotected and high-risk sexual activity are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection. | 165 (86.4%) | 26 (13.6%) |
| 28 | HIV/AIDS is not transmitted by social relationships, so there isn’t needed the isolation of HIV-positive patients from others. | 165 (86.4%) | 26 (13.6%) |
| 29 | An HIV positive patient may be asymptomatic in the early stages. | 166 (86.9%) | 25 (13.1%) |
| 30 | HIV infection transmitted by blood, breast milk and sexual secretions. | 167 (87.4%) | 24 (12.6%) |
| 31 | HIV/AIDS not transmitted by touching the infected things e.g. money, dress and etc. | 167 (87.4%) | 24 (12.6%) |
| 32 | Drug abuse, infected with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and intercourse with men who have sex with men (MSM) increased the risk of HIV transmission. | 167 (87.4%) | 24 (12.6%) |
| 33 | Early diagnosis of HIV/AIDS leads to control of the disease, treatment and reduces the prevalence. | 168 (88%) | 23 (12%) |
| 34 | Lack of loyalty to the spouse and sexual immorality is the predisposing factor for HIV/AIDS transmission. | 169 (88.5%) | 22 (11.5%) |
| 35 | Sexual restraint, loyalty to the husband, sexual intercourse protected by a suspect sex partner is recommended to prevent sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS. | 171 (89.5%) | 20 (10.5%) |
| 36 | Pregnant women that themselves and their husbands’ had a history of high-risk behaviors and also the history of prison should be recommended to HIV/AIDS tests. | 174 (91.1%) | 17 (8.9%) |
| 37 | HIV, which causes AIDS weakens and destroys the immune system | 175 (91.6%) | 16 (8.4%) |
| 38 | People with high-risk behaviors (i.e. unprotected sexual activity or needle sharing and syringes) should be recommended for getting a consultation and HIV/AIDS test. | 175 (91.6%) | 16 (8.4%) |
| 39 | Education is the best strategy to control HIV/AIDS. | 177 (92.7%) | 14 (7.3%) |
| 40 | Adolescence and youth are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection. | 180 (94.2%) | 11 (5.8%) |