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. 2020 Oct 28;10:18439. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75285-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Scheme 1 — General workflow for the design and preparation of serum mixtures with custom specificity profiles. (a) Sera production by rabbit immunization with individual or pooled Salmonella strains, and the preliminary characterization by colorimetric indirect ELISA. This yields an ensemble of specificity profiles, one per serum, which are expressed after a simple data treatment as heatmaps of the normalized colorimetric responses (NRs%). (b) Conversion of the titer values and colorimetric dataset into descriptors (α, β%, γ% ± γ%_SD), allows ranking the sera. (c) Upon re-calculating the NRs% against a common reference strain, the specificity profiles of a given mixture can be predicted and experimentally verified. (d) Final step of serum mixtures optimization aiming at the simplification of their composition and fine-tuning of their specificity profiles. The values presented in this scheme are just explanatory of the general workflow, and thus they do not correspond to the actual dataset.