Table 1. Overview of programmatic strategies for identifying households likely to have asymptomatic and/or subpatent infections.

Strategy	Index Household	Control Population	Case Definition	Adapted Case Definitions for DHS Data
RACD	Residence of individuals with confirmed infections detected within health facilities	Households neighbouring index households with the screening radius defined according to the study Households that have been randomly selected in the same community as the index household, as part of a cross-sectional study	All individuals residing in the index household, not including the index case in the case of RACD	Any other child of the household is positive for malaria by RDT/microscopy and has sought antimalarial treatment
MSAT	Symptomatic case (fever and RDT/microscopy positive) detected in the community as part of an active campaign	Households that have been randomly selected in the same community as the index household as part of a cross-sectional study		Any other child of the household positive by RDT/microscopy and has had a fever during the past 2 weeks
MTAT	Any infected individual (RDT/microscopy positive) detected in the community as part of an active campaign			Any other child of the household is malaria positive by RDT/microscopy

For this analysis, we have defined an index household, and index and control populations for each strategy. Infections in index and control populations have been confirmed using RDT/microscopy in the DHS studies and molecular methods in the meta-analysis.

Abbreviations: DHS, demographic health survey; MSAT, Mass Screen and Treat; MTAT, Mass Test and Treat; RACD, Reactive Case Detection; RDT, rapid diagnostic test