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TET-driven demethylation on different substrates (RNA/DNA) in mammals and D. melanogaster. (a) TET in mammals and D. melanogaster demethylates the DNA on cytosines and adenosines, respectively. RNA demethylation is also carried out by TET in D. melanogaster; however, it has only been investigated in vitro in mammals. (b) A schematic representation of active DNA demethylation by TET, TDG (thymidine-DNA-glycosylase) and BER (base excision repair)-mediated pathways
