Figure 1.

Vitamin C reduces apoptosis and oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by H₂O₂. (A) The apoptosis rate of HUVECs treated with 100 µM H₂O₂ for 2 h or 100 µM H₂O₂ for 2 h + 200 µM vitamin C for 48 h was analyzed by flow cytometry. (B) Analysis of the percentage of apoptotic HUVECs in (A). (C) ROS expression level in HUVECs induced by 100 µM H₂O₂ for 2 h or 100 µM H₂O₂ for 2 h + 200 µM vitamin C for 48 h was observed using a confocal microscope. (D) Semi-quantitative analysis of ROS fluorescence intensity in (C). Data are shown as the means ± standard deviation (n=3). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test. ^**P<0.01, ^***P<0.001, ^****P<0.0001.