Table 2.
Characteristics of the traumatic brain injury study population stratified by the type of traumatic brain injury (isolated/associated with multitrauma)
| Variable | Isolated (n = 16) | Multitrauma (n = 23) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 30.5 (18 - 64) | 30.0 (18 - 62) | 0.819 |
| Prehospital care | 13 (81.2) | 21 (91.3) | 0.336 |
| GCS at hospital admission | 5.12 ± 2.12 | 5.86 ± 1.88 | 0.297 |
| GCS at ICU admission | 5.30 ± 2.21 | 5.57 ± 3.38 | 0.839 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140 (60 - 184) | 127 (74 - 190) | 0.300 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 86 (34 - 118) | 75 (30 - 113) | 0.222 |
| Mechanism of injury | 0.172 | ||
| Motor vehicle accident | 4 (25.0) | 14 (60.9) | |
| Auto versus pedestrian | 4 (25.0) | 3 (13.0) | |
| Fall | 2 (12.5) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Assault | 6 (37.5) | 4 (17.39) | |
| Time to blood sampling (hours after hospital admission) | 5.60 ± 4.70 | 6.97 ± 6.05 | 0.222 |
| Craniotomy | 6 (37.5) | 19 (82.6) | 0.832 |
| Infection during ICU stay | 9 (56.3) | 17 (73.9) | 0.250 |
| Outcome time (in days) | 6 (1 - 39) | 13 (2 - 40) | 0.080 |
| GCS at discharge from ICU | 13.33 ± 5.04 | 9.15 ± 3.10 | 0.058 |
| GOS at discharge from ICU | 1.94 ± 1.44 | 2.05 ± 1.12 | 0.794 |
| Plasma MMP-2 (ng/mL) | 316.59 ± 25.57 | 331.38 ± 22.06 | 0.711 |
| Plasma MMP-9 (ng/mL) | 197.89 ± 24.53 | 172.90 ± 20.68 | 0.092 |
GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale; ICU - intensive care unit; GOS - Glasgow Outcome Scale; MMP - matrix metalloproteinase. Results median (range), n (%), mean ± standard deviation or mean ± standard error of the mean.