Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Characteristics | Total (N = 63) | BD Rx (−) (N = 25) | BD Rx (+) (N = 38) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 77 (69 to 86) | 80 (70 to 86) | 75 (68 to 85) | 0.35 | ||
| Smoker (%) | 33 (52.38%) | 13 (52.00%) | 20 (52.63%) | 0.96 | ||
| Male sex (%) | 54 (85.71%) | 21 (84.00%) | 33 (86.84%) | 0.75 | ||
| SGRQ | 22.12 (16.38 to 33.36) | 18.59 (14.00 to 23.40) | 25.09 (17.87 to 42.59) | 0.02 | ||
| Symptom domain | 30.32 (16.76 to 39.79) | 33.71 (15.42 to 41.79) | 30.17 (21.13 to 39.43) | 0.90 | ||
| Activity domain | 47.23 (23.30 to 59.46) | 29.31 (17.14 to 47.24) | 53.23 (29.00 to 71.37) | 0.01 | ||
| Impact domain | 8.80 (4.06 to 22.93) | 7.15 (2.96 to 14.78) | 10.58 (4.20 to 29.65) | 0.08 | ||
| CAT score | 7 (4 to 11) | 5.00 (3.00 to 7.50) | 9.00 (4.25 to 12.00) | 0.03 | ||
| Baseline SaO2 in 6MWT | 95.00 (93.00 to 96.00) | 95.00 (93.00 to 96.00) | 95.00 (94.00 to 96.00) | 0.82 | ||
| SaO2 drop during 6MWT | 5.00 (3.00 to 8.50) | 5.00 (1.00 to 7.00) | 6.00 (4.00 to 9.00) | 0.13 | ||
| Patients with a FEV1/FVC < 0.7 (%) | 3 (4.76%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (7.89%) | 0.15 | ||
| HRCT-defined emphysema (%) | 22 (34.92%) | 7 (28.00%) | 15 (39.47%) | 0.35 | ||
| Antifibrotics treatment (%) | 54 (85.71%) | 20 (80.00%) | 34 (89.47%) | 0.51 | ||
| No | 9 (14.29%) | 5 (20.00%) | 4 (10.53%) | 0.29 | ||
| Nintedanib | 45 (71.43%) | 16 (64.00%) | 29 (76.32%) | 0.29 | ||
| Pirfenidone | 9 (14.29%) | 4 (16.00%) | 5 (13.16%) | 0.72 | ||
| FVC (L) | 2.01 (1.74 to 2.39) | 2.26 (1.85 to 2.68) | 1.97 (1.72 to 2.31) | 0.18 | ||
| FVC (% predicted value) | 70.00 (57.00 to 81.00) | 76.00 (64.00 to 86.00) | 64.00 (56.00 to 74.00) | 0.02 | ||
| FEV1 (L) | 1.73 (1.47 to 1.98) | 1.93 (1.58 to 2.36) | 1.72 (1.43 to 1.91) | 0.20 | ||
| FEV1 (% predicted value) | 83.00 (70.00 to 99.00) | 97.00 (81.00 to 110.00) | 78.00 (68.00 to 88.00) | 0.02 | ||
| FEV1/FVC | 0.86 (0.82 to 0.91) | 0.86 (0.82 to 0.89) | 0.86 (0.82 to 0.93) | 0.54 | ||
| FEF25–75% (L/s) | 2.38 (1.55 to 3.41) | 2.63 (1.85 to 3.17) | 2.22 (1.49 to 3.44) | 0.77 | ||
| FEF25–75% (% predicted value) | 92.00 (67.00 to 114.00) | 93.00 (78.00 to 119.00) | 89.00 (64.00 to 113.00) | 0.74 | ||
| DLCO (% predicted value) | 34.00 (23.00 to 47.00) | 39.00 (26.00 to 50.00) | 33.00 (23.00 to 40.00) | 0.19 | ||
| R5-R20 (kPa L(− 1)sec) | 0.08 (0.06 to 0.12) | 0.08 (0.07 to 0.12) | 0.09 (0.06 to 0.12) | 0.79 | ||
| X5 (kPa L(− 1)sec) | − 0.15 (− 0.20 to − 0.12) | − 0.15 (− 0.19 to − 0.12) | − 0.15 (− 0.20 to − 0.12) | 0.98 | ||
| AX (kPa L(− 1)) | 0.69 (0.48 to 1.07) | 0.72 (0.41 to 1.09) | 0.69 (0.52 to 1.03) | 0.68 | ||
| Fres (Hz) | 16.10 (14.72 to 17.80) | 15.87 (13.99 to 17.94) | 16.21 (15.07 to 17.66) | 0.34 | ||
The data are described as number (%) for categorical variables, and median (interquartile range, IQR) for non-normally distributed continuous variables. p values were generated from the Mann–Whitney U test for two-group (with versus without bronchodilator treatment) comparisons.
BD Rx bronchodilator treatment, SGRQ St. George Respiratory Questionnaire, CAT COPD assessment test, SaO2 oxygen saturation (%), 6MWT six-minute walk test, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the 1st second, FVC forced vital capacity, HRCT high-resolution computed tomography, FEF25–75% forced expiratory flow after expiration of 25–75% of forced vital capacity, DLCO diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, R5 resistance at 5 Hz, R20 resistance at 20 Hz, X5 reactance at 5 Hz, Fres resonant frequency, AX area of reactance.