Table 4.
The effect of bronchodilator treatment in patients with versus without emphysema.
| Emphysema ( +) (N = 22) | Emphysema (−) (N = 41) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD Rx (−) (N = 7) | BD Rx ( +) (N = 15) | p value | BD Rx (−) (N = 18) | BD Rx ( +) (N = 23) | p value | ||
| FVC (% predicted value) | 80.00 (70.00 to 81.50) | 66.00 (60.00 to 84.00) | 0.62 | 75.00 (65.75 to 89.50) | 62.00 (54.50 to 71.50) | 0.01 | |
| FEV1 (% predicted value) | 96.00 (76.00 to 100.50) | 77.00 (69.50 to 92.50) | 0.55 | 97.5 (81.25 to 110.75) | 79.00 (67.00 to 87.00) | 0.02 | |
| FEF25–75%(% predicted value) | 62.00 (40.00 to 80.03) | 76.00 (45.50 to 100.50) | 0.42 | 108.00 (85.00 to 148.00) | 105.00 (79.00 to 117.00) | 0.54 | |
| FEV1/FVC % | 80.00 (79.50 to 82.00) | 83.00 (70.00 to 88.00) | 0.72 | 88.50 (85.25 to 90.00) | 88.00 (84.50 to 93.50) | 0.56 | |
| DLCO (% predicted value) | 31.00 (26.00 to 41.00) | 30.00 (19.50 to 40.00) | 0.92 | 44.50 (26.50 to 53.75) | 34.00 (25.50 to 40.00) | 0.21 | |
| R5-R20 (kPa L(-1)sec) | 0.09 (0.07 to 0.12) | 0.08 (0.06 to 0.12) | 1.00 | 0.08 (0.07 to 0.11) | 0.09 (0.06 to 0.12) | 0.69 | |
| X5 (kPa L(-1)sec) | − 0.17 (− 0.22 to − 0.13) | − 0.15 (− 0.19 to − 0.11) | 0.44 | − 0.15 (− 0.17 to − 0.12) | − 0.15 (− 0.19 to − 0.13) | 0.55 | |
| AX (kPa L(-1)) | 1.09 (0.59 to 1.47) | 0.68 (0.43 to 0.88) | 0.27 | 0.64 (0.42 to 1.03) | 0.69 (0.59 to 1.10) | 0.21 | |
| Fres (Hz) | 16.97 (15.36 to 19.45) | 15.31 (14.62 to 17.11) | 0.27 | 15.44 (13.87 to 17.25) | 16.43 (15.83 to 19.21) | 0.06 | |
| CAT score | 5.00 (3.00 to 7.00) | 10.00 (4.00 to 14.25) | 0.34 | 5.00 (3.00 to 7.25) | 8.50 (6.50 to 12.00) | 0.05 | |
| SGRQ | 18.59 (9.92 to 23.53) | 26.93 (15.68 to 51.32) | 0.20 | 18.45 (15.84 to 23.38) | 25.09 (19.48 to 39.23) | 0.02 | |
| Symptom domain | 13.72 (10.89 to 36.50) | 30.53 (27.61 to 39) | 0.18 | 34.45 (29.43 to 44.97) | 28.88 (19.12 to 39.67) | 0.27 | |
| Activity domain | 17.14 (14.15 to 53.23) | 53.39 (18.69 to 76.02) | 0.19 | 29.41 (17.14 to 42.85) | 50.57 (29.56 to 68.26) | 0.01 | |
| Impact domain | 4.16 (3.65 to 14.78) | 10.83 (4.06 to 42.13) | 0.31 | 7.43 (1.83 to 13.76) | 10.58 (6.46 to 27.26) | 0.11 | |
| △FVC (L) | − 0.04 (− 0.26 to 0.14) | 0.08 (− 0.06 to 0.18) | 0.46 | − 0.09 (− 0.16 to 0.03) | 0.01 (− 0.13 to 0.11) | 0.24 | |
| △FEV1 (L) | − 0.02 (− 0.12 to 0.09) | 0.04 (− 0.01 to 0.10) | 0.40 | − 0.05 (− 0.19 to 0.06) | 0.01 (− 0.06 to 0.09) | 0.13 | |
| △FEF25–75% (L/s) | 0.03 (− 0.21 to 0.41) | 0.05 (− 0.23 to 0.46) | 0.95 | − 0.23 (− 0.58 to 0.16) | 0.06 (− 0.38 to 0.52) | 0.27 | |
| △DLCO (% predicted value) | 0.00 (− 3.00 to 2.50) | 1.00 (0.00 to 8.50) | 0.36 | 0.02 (− 0.01 to 0.04) | − 5.00 (− 9.50 to 1.00) | 0.32 | |
| △R5–R20 (kPa L(− 1)sec) | 0.01 (− 0.01 to 0.06) | 0.01 (− 0.03 to 0.03) | 0.40 | 0.00 (− 0.02 to 0.02) | 0.00 (− 0.03 to 0.02) | 0.34 | |
| △X5 (kPa L(− 1)sec) | − 0.03 (− 0.06 to − 0.03) | 0.01 (− 0.04 to 0.04) | 0.20 | 0.02 (− 0.08 to 0.20) | − 0.01 (− 0.04 to 0.02) | 0.35 | |
| △AX (kPa L(− 1)) | 0.26 (0.02 to 0.49) | 0.00 (− 0.16 to 0.16) | 0.17 | 0.46 (− 0.53 to 1.77) | 0.11 (− 0.04 to 0.24) | 0.54 | |
| △Fres (Hz) | − 0.55 (− 1.90 to 0.74) | 0.41 (− 0.93 to 2.14) | 0.41 | 1.00 (− 0.50 to 5.25) | − 0.1 (− 1.33 to 1.65) | 0.28 | |
| △CAT score | 2.00 (− 1.50 to 3.00) | − 1.00 (− 5.00 to 3.00) | 0.80 | 2.73 (− 6.01 to 12.31) | − 3.00 (− 6.25 to − 1.00) | 0.02 | |
| △SGRQ | 1.41 (− 2.51 to 6.49) | 3.60 (− 5.30 to 8.82) | 1.00 | 0.02 (− 0.01 to 0.04) | − 3.97 (− 11.50 to 5.37) | 0.16 | |
| △Symptom domain | − 0.42 (− 5.16 to 1.31) | − 3.39 (− 6.81 to 12.9) | 0.88 | − 3.65 (− 15.87 to 1.06) | − 7.29 (− 16.57 to 11.65) | 0.58 | |
| △Activity domain | 0.00 (− 8.93 to 13.28) | 0.00 (− 12.36 to 11.83) | 0.84 | 14.44 (− 5.04 to 32.38) | 0.16 (− 13.01 to 8.04) | 0.04 | |
| △Impact domain | − 0.05 (− 5.54 to 9.79) | 2.52 (− 3.99 to 13.39) | 0.88 | 0.36 (− 3.92 to 4.64) | − 1.68 (− 14.20 to 2.63) | 0.14 | |
The data are described as median (interquartile range, IQR) for non-normally distributed variables. p values were generated from the Mann–Whitney U test for two-group comparison.
BD Rx bronchodilator treatment, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the 1st second, FEF25–75% forced expiratory flow after expiration of 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity, DLCO diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, R5 resistance at 5 Hz, R20 resistance at 20 Hz, X5 reactance at 5 Hz, Fres resonant frequency, AX area of reactance, CAT COPD assessment test, SGRQ St. George Respiratory Questionnaire, △ difference between visit 1 and visit 2.